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Wireless Communication

This reference provides an overview of wireless communication technologies including Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, LTE, and LTE-Advanced, as well as the basics of mobile communications and handover. It covers the structure of mobile networks, mobile phone generations (1G, 2G, 3G, 4G), and specific standards like GSM, IS-95 (cdmaOne), UMTS, CDMA2000, HSDPA, EV-DO.

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Wireless Communication

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  1. Wireless Communication Hwajung Lee Key Reference: Prof. Jong-Moon Chung’s Lecture Notes at Yonsei University

  2. Wireless Communications • Bluetooth • Wi-Fi • Mobile Communications • LTE • LTE-Advanced

  3. MobileCommunications Handover MobileCommunications Downlink&Uplink

  4. MobileCommunications Handover MobileCommunications Handover

  5. MobileCommunications Handover MobileCommunications Handover

  6. MobileCommunications Handover MobileCommunications Handover

  7. MobileCommunications Handover MobileCommunications Handover

  8. MobileCommunications Handover MobileCommunications Handover

  9. MobileCommunications Handover MobileCommunications Handover

  10. Basic Mobile Communications Structure • Structure of the mobile phone cellular network • A network of radio base stations forming the base station subsystem. • The core circuit switched network for handling voice calls and text • A packet switched network for handling mobile data • The public switched telephone network (PSTN) to connect subscribers to the wider telephony network

  11. MobileCommunications • MobilePhoneEvolution • 1stGeneration(1G) • AMPS • 2nd Generation(2G) • GSM,IS-95(cdmaOne) • 3rd Generation(3G) • UMTS(WCDMA),CDMA2000 • 4th Generation(4G) • LTE-A

  12. List of Mobile Phone Generations

  13. AMPS • AdvancedMobilePhoneSystem(AMPS) • 1stGeneration(1G)mobilecellularphone • AnalogstandardusingFDMA(FrequencyDivisionMultiple Access) • DevelopedbyBellLabs • IntroducedinNorthAmericainOct.1983

  14. GSM GSM GlobalSystemforMobileCommunications(GSM) • 2nd Generation(2G)mobilecellularphone:Digitalsystem • IntroducedinFinlandin1991 • Dominantglobalstandard • Over90%marketshare • Operatedinover219countries&territories

  15. GSM GSM GlobalSystemforMobileCommunications(GSM) • GSMusesTDMA&FDMAcombined • TDMA(TimeDivisionMultipleAccess) • FDMA(FrequencyDivisionMultipleAccess)

  16. GSM GlobalSystemforMobileCommunication (GSM) • GSMsupportsvoicecallsanddatatransferspeedsupto9.6kbps,andSMS(Short MessageService)

  17. GSM GSM SIM (SubscriberIdentity Module) • SIMisadetachablesmartcard • SIMcontainsusersubscriptioninformationandphone book

  18. GSM GSM SIMAdvantages • SIMenablesausertomaintainuserinformationevenafter switchingcellularphones • Or,bychangingonesSIMausercanchangecellular phoneoperatorswhile usingthesamethemobilephone

  19. IS-95:cdmaOne • IS-95 • IS-95(InterimStandard95)isthefirstCDMAbased2Gdigitalcellularstandard • WhyCDMA? • CDMAperformswellagainst(narrow band) interferenceand(multipath)signalfading • cdmaOneisthebrandnameforIS-95that was developedbyQualcomm

  20. IS-95:cdmaOne • IS-95 • HutchisonlaunchedthefirstcommercialcdmaOne networkinHongKonginSeptember1995 • IS-95trafficchannelssupportvoiceordataatbitratesof upto14.4kbps

  21. UMTS • Universal MobileTelecommunicationsSystem (UMTS) • 3rd Generation(3G)mobilecellularsystem • EvolutionofGSM • UTRA(UMTSTerrestrialRadioAccess) supportsseveraldifferentterrestrialair interfaces

  22. UMTS • Universal MobileTelecommunicationsSystem (UMTS) • MultiuserAccessinUTRAcanbe supportedbyUTRA-FDDorUTRA-TDD • FDD(FrequencyDivisionDuplex) • TDD(TimeDivisionDuplex)

  23. UMTS:WCDMA • WCDMA(WidebandCodeDivision MultipleAccess) • 3rd Generation(3G)mobilecellularsystem thatusestheUTRA-FDDmode • 3GPP(3rdGenerationPartnershipProject) Release99 • Upto2Mbpsdatarate

  24. UMTS:WCDMA • WCDMA • FirstcommercialnetworkopenedinJapanis2001 • Seamless mobilityforvoiceandpacketdataapplications • QoS(QualityofService)differentiationforhighefficiency ofservicedelivery • Simultaneousvoiceanddatasupport • InterworkswithexistingGSMnetworks

  25. CDMA2000 • CDMA2000 • 3Gmobilecellularsystem • Standardizedby3GPP2 • EvolutionofIS-95cdmaOnestandards • UsesCDMA&TDMA • CDMA(CodeDivisionMultipleAccess) • TDMA(TimeDivision MultipleAccess)

  26. CDMA2000 • CDMA2000 • InitiallyusedinNorthAmericaandSouthKorea(RepublicofKorea)

  27. CDMA2000 • CDMA20001xEV-DO • CDMA20001xEV-DO(Evolution-DataOptimized) enables2.4Mbpsdatarate • CDMA20001xEV-DOnetworklaunchedinSouthKoreaonJanuary2002

  28. CDMA2000 • CDMA20001xEV-DO • Regardedasthefirst3GsystembasedonITU standards • ITU (InternationalTelecommunicationUnion) is thespecializedagencyforinformationandcommunicationtechnologyoftheUN (UnitedNations)

  29. HSDPA • High-SpeedDownlinkPacketAccess(HSDPA) • Enhanced3Gmobilecommunications protocol • EvolutionofUMTSforhigherdataspeeds andcapacity • BelongstotheHSPA(High-SpeedPacketAccess)familyofprotocols

  30. HSDPA • High-SpeedDownlinkPacketAccess(HSDPA) • HSDPAcommercialnetworksbecame availablein2005 • Peak DataRate • Downlink:14Mbps(Release5)

  31. EV-DORev.A • EV-DORev.A(RevisionA) • Peak DataRate • Downlink:3.1Mbps • Uplink:1.8Mbps • LaunchedintheUSAonOctober2006 • VoIPsupportbasedonlowlatencyandlow bitratecommunications

  32. EV-DORev.A • EV-DORev.A • EnhancedAccessChannelMAC • Decreasedconnectionestablishmenttime • Multi-UserPackettechnologyenablestheability formorethanoneusertosharethesametimeslot • QoS(QualityofService)flagsincluded forQoScontrol

  33. HSPA+ • EvolvedHigh-SpeedPacketAccess(HSPA+) • HSPA+allIPnetworkfirstlaunchedin HongKongin2009 • WCDMA(UMTS)based3Genhancement • HSPA+isaHSPAevolution

  34. HSPA+ • EvolvedHigh-SpeedPacketAccess(HSPA+) • Peak DataRate • Downlink:168Mbps • Uplink:22Mbps • MIMO(Multiple-Input&Multiple-Output)multiple-antenna techniqueapplied • WhyMIMO?MIMOusesuncorrelatedmultipleantennasbothatthetransmitterandreceiverto increasethedataratewhile usingthesamesignalbandwidthasasingleantennasystem.

  35. HSPA+ • EvolvedHigh-SpeedPacketAccess(HSPA+) • HigherDateRateAccomplishedby • MIMOmultiple-antennatechnique • Higherordermodulation(64QAM) • Dual-CellHSDPAisusedtocombine • multiplecellsinto one

  36. EV-DORev B • EV-DORev. B(RevisionB) • EV-DORev.Bwas firstdeployedinIndonesiaon January2010 • Multi-CarrierevolutionofRev.A • Higherdataratespercarrier • DownlinkPeak • 4.9 Mbpspercarrier • UplinkPeak • 1.8 Mbpspercarrier

  37. EV-DORev B • EV-DORev. B • Reducedlatencyfromstatisticalmultiplexingacrosschannels • ReduceddelayImprovedQoS • Longertalk-time&standbytime • Hybridfrequencyre-use&ReducedinterferenceatCellEdges andAdjacentSectorsImprovedQoSattheCellEdge

  38. EV-DORev B • EV-DORev. B • MoreEfficientAsymmetricDataRateSupport • Downlink≠UplinkDataRates • AsymmetricServiceExamples • Filetransfer • Webbrowsing • Multimediacontentdelivery • etc.

  39. EV-DORev B LTE Long-TermEvolution(LTE) • LTElaunchedinNorthAmericanonSeptember2010with theSamsungSCH-R900 • DeployedonbothGSMandtheCDMAmobileoperators

  40. EV-DORev B Long-TermEvolution(LTE) • Peak DataRate(Release8) • Downlink:300Mbps • Uplink:75Mbps

  41. LTE-A • LTE-A(LTE-Advanced) • Consideredasa4Gtechnologybasedon theITU-RIMT-Advancedprocess • Peak DataRate(Release10) • Downlink:3Gbps • Uplink:1.5Gbps

  42. LTE-A • LTE-A(LTE-Advanced) • LTE-AincorporateshigherorderMIMO(4×4andbeyond)andallows multiple carrierstobebondedintoasinglestream

  43. References • H.HolmaandA.Toskala,HSDPA/HSUPAforUMTS:HighSpeedRadioAccess for MobileCommunications.JohnWiley&Sons,2007. • A.R.Mishra,AdvancedCellularNetwork PlanningandOptimisation: 2G/2.5G/3G...Evolutionto4G.JohnWiley&Sons,2006. • A.R.Mishra,FundamentalsofCellularNetwork PlanningandOptimisation: 2G/2.5G/3G...Evolutionto4G.JohnWiley&Sons,2004. • R.Steele,P. Gould,andC.Lee,GSM,cdmaOneand3GSystems.JohnWiley& Sons,2000. • J.Korhonen,Introductionto3GMobileCommunications.ArtechHouse,2003. • H.HolmaandA.Toskala,WCDMAfor UMTS:RadioAccess for ThirdGeneration MobileCommunications.JohnWiley&Sons,2000. • “HSPAEvolutionbringsMobileBroadbandtoConsumerMassMarkets,”Nokia, WhitePaper,2008.

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