Transforming with Artificial Intelligence

1. Neil Sahota (萨冠军)10/26/2016 Transforming with Artificial Intelligence

2. Introduction - Neil Sahota (萨冠军) • IBM Master Inventor • WW Business Development Lead– IBM Watson Group • Works with high growth business partners to ideate next generation products/solutions powered by Watson • Identify target markets, develop business cases, establish market launch strategy • Professor at the Merage School of Business, University of California at Irvine

3. We’ve come a long way… Innovation Imagination … and this is only the beginning!

4. Artificial intelligence • Artificial intelligence and cognitive based systems accelerate, enhance and scale human expertise by: • Learning and building knowledge, • Understanding natural language and • Interactingmore naturally with humans than traditional programmable systems käg-nə-tiv (adjective):of, relating to, or involving conscious mental activities (such as thinking, understanding, learning, and remembering)

5. Video Robots Powered by IBM Watson

6. The Bottom Line: Transform Today

7. The HealthcareIndustry is beset with some of the most complex information challenges we collectively face • Medical information is doubling every 5 years, much of which is unstructured • 81% of physicians report spending 5 hours or less per month reading medical journals “Medicine has become too complex (and only) about 20% of the knowledge clinicians use today is evidence-based.” -----Steven Shapiro, Chief Medical Officer, UPMC Source: International Journal of Circumpolar Health, DoctorDirectory.com, Institute for Medicine"

8. Putting the Pieces Together at Point of Impact Can Be Life Changing difficulty swallowing fever Pat. History dry mouth Patient History Diagnosis Models Confidence Symptoms Family History Medications Findings thirst Symptoms Fam. History Findings Medications anorexia Symptoms frequent urination Renal failure dizziness A 58-year-old woman presented to her primary care physician after several days of dizziness, anorexia, dry mouth, increased thirst, and frequent urination. She had also had a fever and reported that food would “get stuck” when she was swallowing. She reported no pain in her abdomen, back, or flank and no cough, shortness of breath, diarrhea, ordysuria Her medications were levothyroxine, hydroxychloroquine, pravastatin, and alendronate. A 58-year-old woman complains of dizziness, anorexia, dry mouth, increased thirst, and frequent urination. She had also had a fever. She reported no pain in her abdomen, back, and no cough, or diarrhea. A urine dipstick was positive for leukocyte esterase and nitrites. The patient given a prescription fo ciprofloxacin for a urinary tract infection. 3 days later, patient reported weakness and dizziness. Her supine blood pressure was 120/80 mm Hg, and pulse was 88. UTI Her history was notable for cutaneous lupus, hyperlipidemia, osteoporosis, frequent urinary tract infections,a left oophorectomy for a benign cyst, and primary hypothyroidism, diagnosed a year earlier noabdominal pain Her family history included oral and bladder cancer in her mother, Graves' disease in two sisters, hemochromatosis in one sister, and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in one sister no back pain Diabetes no cough no diarrhea Influenza Oral cancer FamilyHistory Bladder cancer Hemochromatosis Purpura hypokalemia Graves’ Disease (Thyroid Autoimmune) Esophagitis PatientHistory cutaneous lupus osteoporosis hyperlipidemia • Extract Family History • Use Medical Taxonomies to generalize medical conditions to the granularity used by the models • Extract Symptoms from record • Use paraphrasings mined from text to handle alternate phrasings and variants • Perform broad search for possible diagnoses • Score Confidence in each diagnosis based on evidence so far • Identify negative Symptoms • Reason with mined relations to explain away symptoms (thirst is consistent w/ UTI) • Extract Medications • Use database of drug side-effects • Together, multiple diagnoses may best explain symptoms • Extract Findings: Confirms that UTI was present • Extract Patient History frequent UTI Most Confident Diagnosis: Diabetes Most Confident Diagnosis: UTI Most Confident Diagnosis: Influenza Most Confident Diagnosis: Esophagitis hypothyroidism Medications Alendronate pravastatin levothyroxine hydroxychloroquine Findings urine dipstick: leukocyte esterase supine 120/80 mm HG heart rate: 88 bpm urine culture: E. Coli

9. Using Artificial Intelligence… … here is yourBEST answer / recommendation.

10. Why Do We Need It? • Compute a new class of complex problems • Ambiguous • Uncertain • Address dynamic, information-rich, and shifting situations • Handle conflicting data • Focus on “best” rather than “right”

11. In Action

12. New Insights from Cognitive Computing

13. Project Lucy

14. Companies Using AI Digital Marketing Sports Financial Services Healthcare Education Talent Management

15. Need for AI Standards • Tackle the hard problems (scale of the whole planet) • Climate change • Population growth • Human development • Increased personalization • Common tools and platforms • “Real Ethics”

16. First Step in AI Standards… … Partnership for AI to Benefit People and Society • Non-profit organization • Focus • Advance public understanding of artificial intelligence technologies (AI) • Formulate best practices on the challenges and opportunities within the field • Founding members • IBM • Deep Mind/Google • Amazon • Facebook • Microsoft • Board building • Academics, • Non-profits • Specialists in policy and ethics

17. The Opportunities What’s a major pain point in your life? What have you wished you could always do? Can artificial intelligence help?