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Hazardous Waste

Hazardous Waste. Oregon State University Environmental Health and Safety. Hazardous Defined. Flammable (flashpoint <140 o F) Many organic solvents Oxidizers Corrosive (pH < 2 or pH > 12) Acids & bases Materials that corrode metal. Hazardous (Cont.).

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Hazardous Waste

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  1. Hazardous Waste Oregon State University Environmental Health and Safety

  2. Hazardous Defined • Flammable (flashpoint <140o F) • Many organic solvents • Oxidizers • Corrosive (pH <2 or pH >12) • Acids & bases • Materials that corrode metal

  3. Hazardous (Cont.) • Reactive (water reactive, explosive) • Sodium metal • Cyanides & sulfides • Toxic • Cause injury or illness by exposure • Poisons • Metals (As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg, Se, Ag)

  4. Waste Defined • Used or spent chemicals (process or experiment) • Old or unwanted chemicals • Ask yourself: would I use this chemical • In a critical experiment? • For a critical maintenance activity?

  5. Waste (Cont.) • Materials • from a spill cleanup • have exceeded printed expiration date • that become unstable on storage and are past useful date • (diethyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran)

  6. Waste Determination • OSU must perform determination on all chemicals disposed • Use HW criteria to perform determination on specific waste streams • EH&S can provide a waste determination in a matter of minutes

  7. Special Waste • Aerosol cans and gas cylinders • Hazardous unless open to the atmosphere • Syringes • Defined as sharps in Oregon • Collect in hard sided leak-proof sharps container

  8. Special Waste (Cont.) • Broken glass • Collect in medium size box • Label box “broken glass” • Lab personnel take to garbage • Waste covered by other programs • Biohazardous • Radioactive

  9. Universal Waste • “Universal” – common to all • Batteries • Fluorescent light tubes & ballasts • Mercury-containing devices • Waste oil • See separate EH&S training

  10. Satellite Waste Managment • Waste in labs/shops is by regulation in a “satellite accumulation” area • Keep up to 55 gals of waste at area of generation • Specific rules apply • Detailed on following pages

  11. Containers • Appropriate size & type • Good condition NON-LEAKING • Compatible with contained waste • Closed when not actively adding waste • Remove funnels after 30 seconds of draining • NO evaporation of hazardous waste is ever permitted

  12. Solvent Containers • EH&S containers • Reusable • Available for frequent generators • Solvents • Dilute acids & bases • Not for toxic or reactive waste

  13. Container Storage • Store waste compatibly • Liquids • Secondary containment trays • Observe hazardous materials limits • Floammable liquids >10 gal in flammable liquid cabinets

  14. Container lids • Waste container lids must be: • Screw-top • Non-leaking and tight fitting • Not cracked, broken or chemically damaged • NOT acceptable: • Rubber stoppers • Plastic snap lids • Parafilm or foil

  15. Labels • Label containers PRIOR to adding waste • Deface existing labels • Fill out hazardous waste label completely • Include constituent and concentration or % • Original manufacturer labels are acceptable if no other material has been added • Improperly labeled waste will not be removed

  16. OSU Hazardous Waste Label Available from on EH&S web site

  17. Unknowns • Avoid unknowns by good labeling and frequent inventory • EH&S can characterize unknown waste, but • It takes a lot of time away from pickups • It takes a lot of materials • Please note on waste pickup request

  18. Point of Generation • Waste must be stored at or near the point of generation • Waste must be under control of “operator of the process” that generates the waste • Filled containers must stay in original room

  19. Waste Minimization • Wherever possible, reduce generation of waste • Substitute for hazardous chemicals • Buy in quantity to meet needs • Change technology (e.g., digital photography) • Use non-mercury thermometers

  20. Chemical Recycling • Unopened or partially used original containers • High quality with good modern labels • Available to interested parties at OSU – no cost • Lab chemicals – NOT to be given or sold to general public or offered as surplus property • Commercial chemical products - may be offered as surplus property if reasonable cautions are followed

  21. Non-Hazardous Solid Waste • Can be disposed in trash: • Must be determined to be non-hazardous • Securely seal chemical in cardboard box and label “non-hazardous chemicals” • Place in outdoor garbage

  22. Liquid Drain Disposal • Liquids only • Strictly forbidden if hazardous waste • Corvallis drain disposal regulations: • NO liquids > 150o F • NO flam. liquids with explosive potential • NO fat, oil, grease > 100 ppm • pH values 6 to 9 Non-toxic acids & bases can be neutralized and discharged

  23. Lab pack Non-halogenated Halogen solvent Aqueous liquid Organic solid Inorganic solid Acid inorganic Organic corrosive Inorganic alkali Hg debris Hg compounds Batteries (nicad, alkaline, lithium) High hazard Oil paint Unknown Waste Categories

  24. Where Does the Waste Go? • Landfill • Incinerator • Chemical Reactor • Nuclear Reactor • Fuel • Retort

  25. How Much Does Waste Cost OSU? • In order of waste volume (cost per pound): • Fuel ($0.37) • Incinerator ($2.16) • Chemical Reactor ($0.37) • Retort ($3.38) • Landfill ($0.56) • Segregate your waste

  26. How Much Does Waste Cost YOU? • What does waste pickup cost your lab-department-college? • Nothing • Zero • $0

  27. When Should YOU Get Rid of Waste • Anytime • When done generating that waste • Would you trust this chemical • In a critical experiment? • For a critical maintenance activity?

  28. Waste Pickup Request • EH&S website – waste pickup form • http://oregonstate.edu/ehs/waste • Request empty 20-liter containers • Include information on lab clean-outs • EH&S collects roughly 90 tons of waste per year

  29. Test • What is wrong here? • What isn’t? • Funnel • Label - both • “Hazardous Waste” • Secondary containment

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