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Invasive Plant Monitoring and Science Needs

This article discusses the monitoring needs and science requirements for invasive plant species, such as Japanese knotweed, autumn olive, Amur bush honeysuckle, Chinese silvergrass, Kudzu, Oriental bittersweet, English ivy, multiflora rose, and princess tree. It emphasizes the importance of collecting basic monitoring data, using different monitoring methods, and building models to estimate important aspects of invasions. The article also highlights the accomplishments of invasive plant monitoring and the need to think carefully about the purpose of monitoring.

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Invasive Plant Monitoring and Science Needs

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  1. Invasive Plant Monitoring and Science Needs Jack Ranney, Ecologist, UT S. Appalachian MAB Invasive Spp. Leader Mimosa

  2. Monitoring Needs Relate to: • Effective public awareness tool • Knowing what is where; compiling data for decisions • Learning important aspects of invasions for decision-making Japanese knotweed

  3. Basic Required Monitoring Data (nawma.org) (http://plants.usda.gov) Autumn olive • Collection date (yyyymmdd) • Examiner (full consistent name) • Plant scientific name (cultivar optional) • Location (lat/long, etc.) • Infested area (ac. or ha.) • Canopy cover (%) ----------------------------------- • Data mgr/owner • County/state (fips code) & country

  4. - Windshield surveys Windshield surveys w/GPS Volunteer w/GPS of spp.* Specialist w/GPS + ecol. var. Systematic transects FIA sampling (modified) Different SAMAB Monitoring Methods • What & where are the problem species • What “stage” of invasion (where are the “fronts” local & regional) Amur bush honeysuckle

  5. Preliminary Constraints Chinese silvergrass • Sporadic sampling not suitable for statistical analysis • Linear inventory along ROWs: bias sampling • Single point in time: no trends/rates • Spotty coverage (conclusions risky)

  6. Accomplishments • Data mapped on GIS, comparable • Volunteers/communities learning, interest increasing • Locating/designing more detailed monitoring • Strategic/collaborative management emerging • Key stakeholders increasingly involved • Stories into mass media Kudzu

  7. Models Needed to Estimate Important Aspects of Invasions • Baseline ecological impacts • Frame economic impacts • Rates of invasion • Identify important variables to manage • Predict at-risk sites & T&E mgt. Oriental bittersweet

  8. Models to Estimate Important Aspects of Invasions (con’t) • Devise/assess control strategies • Predict eco-process changes & thresholds • Assess multi-species/disturbance regime interactions (cumulative effects) • Invasion status • Management difficulty • Proximity relationships/vectors English ivy

  9. Needed: Tools to Build Models Multiflora Rose Models on: • Forest growth & competition • Pest invasions • Epidemiology • Forest succession • Species biology • Transportation • Climate & microclimate • Land use change & population • Soil evolution & nutrient cycling Data needed from monitoring

  10. Principle Types of Monitoring Data for Models • Site moisture, soil type & productivity • Forest structure, light, shade • Change in cover, edges • Dispersal dynamics & patterns • Geographic position & patterns • Plant associations & diversity • T&E species populations • Proximal associations • Treatment/control history Princess tree

  11. Tree of heaven Think Hard About Your Purpose for Monitoring • Visualize model of what’s being attempted • Decide what monitoring variables serve your purpose • Utilize standard formats/protocols • Make sure basic variables monitored

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