1 / 15

2014

Výukový materiál MB 04 - 95 Tvůrce: Mgr. Šárka Vopěnková Tvůrce anglické verze: ThMgr. Ing. Jiří Foller Projekt: S anglickým jazykem do dalších předmětů Registrační číslo: CZ.1.07/1.1.36/03.0005 Tento projekt je spolufinancován ESF a SR ČR. 2014. CELL DIVISION - MITOSIS.

scuevas
Download Presentation

2014

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Výukový materiál MB 04 - 95 Tvůrce: Mgr. Šárka Vopěnková Tvůrce anglické verze: ThMgr. Ing. Jiří Foller Projekt: S anglickým jazykem do dalších předmětů Registrační číslo: CZ.1.07/1.1.36/03.0005 Tento projekt je spolufinancován ESF a SR ČR 2014 CELL DIVISION - MITOSIS

  2. from one mother cell origin two daughter cells • in the nucleus – the same number of chromosomes as in the mother cell • mitosis ensures: • growth of the organism • substitution of damaged cells MITOSIS

  3. continuous, unbroken process • from 2n again 2n => from diploid again diploid • it consists of 4 phases: • prophase • metaphase • anaphase • telophase PHASES OF THE CELL CYCLE: M = MITOSIS

  4. in the nucleusthere appear chromosomes • spiralization + condensation of DNA threads • „S“ phase is finished far-off • chromosomes are doubled > from 2 sister chromatids • connected by a centromere • nuclear coverings fall apart • nucleolus disappears • dividing spindle originates (from microtubules) PROPHASE

  5. chromosomes best observable • chromosomes join in the place of the centromere to the threads of the dividing spindle • chromosomes concentrate in the equatorial plane • so called metaphasal plate METAPHASE

  6. HOW MANY CHROMOSEMES HAS A CHROMATID? chromosome synthesis (replication) of DNA DNA 1 chromatid = 1 molecule DNA

  7. connection between sister chromosomes interrupts • separation of chromosomes in centromeres • complete division of sister chromatids • daughter chromosomes develop • Shortening of microtubules of the division spindle • chromosomes travel to the poles of the cell ANAPHASE

  8. death of division spindle • both new nuclei the same number of chromosomes • despiralization (decondensation) of chromosomes • renewal of nuclear coverings and nucleolus • the beginning of cytokinesis TELOPHASE

  9. it proceeds differently by the plant and animal cells • animal cells: • they divide by means of strangeling from the surface to the centre • > microfilaments under the surface • plant cells: • they divide by means of growth the cell partition from the centre to the surface, in the middle there is a big plate CELL DIVISION = CYTOKINESIS

  10. MITOSIS PROPHASE METAPHASE ANAPHASE TELOPHASE

  11. MITOSIS DESCRIBE THE PHASE AND ORGANIZE ACCORDING TO THE ORDER

  12. THE SCHEME OF MIOTIC DIVISION

  13. DESCRIBE THE PICTURE

  14. MITOSIS – PUT THE PICTURES IN THE ORDER 1 3 2 5 6 4

  15. CHALUPOVÁ-KARLOVSKÁ, Vlastimila. Obecná biologie: středoškolská učebnice : evoluce, biologie buňky, genetika : s 558 řešenými testovými otázkami. 2., opr. vyd. Olomouc: Nakladatelství Olomouc, 2010, 206 s. ISBN 978-807-1822-820 • KUBIŠTA, Václav. Obecná biologie: úvodní učební text biologie pro 1. ročník gymnázií. 3. upr. vyd. Praha: Fortuna, c2000, 103 s. ISBN 80-716-8714-6. • ZÁVODSKÁ, Radka. Biologie buněk: základy cytologie, bakteriologie, virologie. 1. vyd. Praha: Scientia, 2006, 160 s. ISBN 80-869-6015-3 SOURCES

More Related