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Revolutions in Haiti and Mexico

Revolutions in Haiti and Mexico. Haiti. French ½ of the island of Hispaniola Lots of slaves to grow sugar. When French Revolution started, Slaves in Haiti rebelled (1791). Napoleon Sends troops in 1802 to put down the revolution (slave uprising). Map. Leader of the Revolution in Haiti.

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Revolutions in Haiti and Mexico

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  1. Revolutions in Haiti and Mexico

  2. Haiti • French ½ of the island of Hispaniola • Lots of slaves to grow sugar. • When French Revolution started, Slaves in Haiti rebelled (1791). • Napoleon Sends troops in 1802 to put down the revolution (slave uprising).

  3. Map

  4. Leader of the Revolution in Haiti • Toussaint L’Ouverture • Educated slave • Great leader

  5. L’Ouveture is eventually captured and taken to France where he dies in prison. • But French soldiers can’t stop the revolution. • Why? • A. Not used to fighting in the jungle. • B. Yellow Fever kills over 40,000

  6. French gave up in 1804 • Revolution in Haiti is the only large-scale slave rebellion that succeeds in the New World. • Slavery is ended. • Most social change.

  7. Revolution in Mexico • Revolution began in 1810. • Father Miguel Hidalgo rings bells to call people to prayer on Sept. 16. • Then gives a speech calling for independence from Spain. • Speech is known as, “el Grito de Dolores.” (The cry of Dolores).

  8. Father Hidalgo was caught and executed by the Spanish. • Another priest, Father Jose Morelos took over leadership of the revolution. • Morelos called not only for independence, but also for equal rights for all classes and an end to slavery. • Many Mexican Creoles did not like this and helped the Spanish to capture Morelos and kill him in 1815.

  9. Finally, a conservative Creole—Agustin Iturbide—finished the fight against Spain. • Iturbide made himself dictator & did not give people rights; especially non-creoles. • Iturbide was overthrown in 1823. • For the next 100 years Mexico was dominated by military leaders (caudillos).

  10. Latin America After the Revolutions • The Revolutions in Latin America mainly benefited the Creoles. • The Creoles replaced the Peninsulares at the top of society while the other classes saw little change in their lives. • NO SOCIAL MOBILITY. • Most countries are oligarchies/dictatorships—they are ruled by military strongmen (Caudillos). • Slavery continued. Lower classes are poor and landless. • Most people are not given rights: to vote, freedom of speech, etc.

  11. Economic Impact • Mercantilism ends. • England and the U.S. become the chief trading partners. • Most countries remain primarily agricultural. • They export crops and import manufactured goods. • Most land (farms) is owned by a small amount of creoles. Much like feudalism. • Most of the wealth is in the hands of a few. Most people are poor peasants. • Not much of a “middle class.”

  12. Writing Assignment • How “revolutionary” were the 17th and 18th century revolutions in Latin America? • In your answer, be sure to asses the revolution in terms of its impact socially, politically, and economically. • A. Outline • B. Intro Paragraph

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