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8/28/13

8/28/13. *Have your Declaration Rewrite out on your desk, ready to share! Think about and be ready to discuss the following questions.

sebastian-makris
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8/28/13

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  1. 8/28/13 *Have your Declaration Rewrite out on your desk, ready to share! Think about and be ready to discuss the following questions. You have written your breakup letter, and you’re ready to move on. How would you decide the qualities of a new boyfriend/girlfriend? What might those qualities be?

  2. Declaration Rewrite • Let’s share!

  3. History of the Constitution

  4. The Constitutional Convention begins • When? 1787 • Where? Philadelphia • Why? To improve the Articles of Confederation, which were not working • Who? Delegates from all the states • Only RI didn’t attend • 55 Delegates attended

  5. Who? Leaders of the Convention • George Washington was asked to preside over the convention. • James Madison kept notes of the discussions and is often called “The Father of the Constitution.” • The men who wrote the Constitution are called the “Founding Fathers.” • All the participants in the Convention were wealthy, white, males.

  6. The Founding Fathers

  7. How? • Delegations from 12 states met in closed-door (secret) sessions to plan a new government. • Each delegation from each state only had one vote.

  8. What Issues that divided the Nation’s leaders? • The power of the federal government. Would the states or the federal government have the most power? • Representation in Congress (How many members in Congress would each state get? – small states wanted equal representation, large states wanted it to be determined by population of the states) • Slavery – How would slaves be counted? Would the slave trade continue?

  9. The Virginia Plan • Called for a new, strong national government. Threw out the Articles of Confederation • Three separate branches of government. – a legislative branch, executive branch, and judicial branch • Representation in the legislative branch based on population of state • Large states like the plan, small states don’t.

  10. New Jersey Plan • Keep the basics of the Articles of Confederation. • Legislature - has one house (unicameral), but given a little more power than under the Articles. • Each state gets one vote. • Small states like the plan, the large states hate it.

  11. The Connecticut, or Great, Compromise • Legislature would have two houses: House of Representatives and a Senate • House - based on the population of state • Senate - two senators per each state

  12. Slavery • The Southern states refused to approve the Constitution unless slavery continued. • 3/5 Compromise - Made each slave worth 3/5 of a vote in deciding numbers in House of Representatives • Congress can not ban the slave trade until 1808.

  13. The Outcome • The delegates voted, 39 to 55, to approve the new Constitution (Sept., 1787) • Went to the individual states for ratification. • Needed 9 states for approval. • Delaware-1st state to approve (Dec., 1787) • New Hampshire-9th state to approve (June, 1788)

  14. Federalists • Support Constitution • Strong central government • Bill of Rights not needed, in state constitutions • John Jay, James Madison, Alexander Hamilton publish “The Federalist Papers”,80 essays defending Constitution

  15. Anti-Federalists • Opposed Constitution • Opposed drafting in secrecy • Took important powers from the state • Wanted BILL OF RIGHTS!

  16. Let’s Explore! • Turn to page 130 in the textbook. • Skim through the text of the Constitution, and jot down some answers to the questions below. 1. How is the Constitution divided? 2. What does each section of the Constitution do? 3. Why do you think Article I is the longest? 4. Do you notice anything unique or interesting? If so, what?

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