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Chapter 11

Chapter 11. Human Development Across the Life Span. Three Fundamental Questions Regarding Development. Nature – nurture Continuity – stages Stability - change. Research Methods. Longitudinal Cross-sectional. Prenatal Development. Conception Zygote Embryo Fetus Teratogens

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Chapter 11

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  1. Chapter 11 Human Development Across the Life Span

  2. Three Fundamental Questions Regarding Development • Nature – nurture • Continuity – stages • Stability - change

  3. Research Methods • Longitudinal • Cross-sectional

  4. Prenatal Development • Conception • Zygote • Embryo • Fetus • Teratogens • Fetal alcohol syndrome

  5. Perceptual Development • Vision • Distinguish patterns • Recognize human faces • Perceive depth • Hearing • Distinguish different speech sounds • Distinguish tones of voice indicating emotion • Touch • Pain • Smell • Taste

  6. Social Relationships • Attachment • Harry Harlow’s experiments • Ainsworth strange situation • Secure attachment • Anxious resistant attachment • Anxious avoidant attachment • Anxious disorganized/disoriented attachment

  7. Temperament • Easy • Slow to warm up • Difficult

  8. Parenting Styles • Authoritarian • Permissive • Authoritative • Rejecting/neglecting

  9. Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages • Trust vs. mistrust • Autonomy vs. shame and doubt • Initiative vs. guilt • Competence (industry) vs. inferiority • Identity vs. role confusion • Intimacy vs. isolation • Generativity vs. stagnation • (Ego) Integrity vs. despair

  10. Moral Development (Kohlberg) • Preconventional • Stage 1: punishment orientation • Stage 2: reward orientation • Conventional • Stage 3: “good boy/good girl” orientation • Stage 4: authority orientation • Postconventional • Stage 5: social contract orientation • Stage 6: ethical principle orientation

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