Chapter 1

1. Chapter 1 English Sounds

2. 英语国际音标

3. 音节和音节的划分 （1）I [ai]；my [mai]；Mike[maik] （2）hour [-]；answer[-] （3）exercise [--] （4）[-], [-], [-], [-]，[-], [-], [-]； [-], [-], [-], [-]，[-], [-]； ta-ble[-]; cou-ple[-]; mid-dle[-]; lit-tle[-]; ca-stle[-]; ri-fle[-]; tra-vel[-]; li-sten[-]; do-zen[-]; se-ven[-]; cot-ton[-]; sud-den[-]

4. （5）I[]、no[] note[t] not[]、desk[]、on[] （6）me-ter[]；la-ter[]； stu-dent[]；stud-y[] （7）prac-tice [-]； num-ber[-] （8）marry[]；farther[]；during[] （9）neigh-bour[-]；fa-ther[-]

5. 书写移行规则

6. hon-est loy-al hand-some ar-gue so-lu-tion clas-si-cal mir-ror ham-mer com-pass sur-vive de-sert-ed feel-ing air-plane par-a-chute ad-ven-ture for-mal er-ror bath-room tow-el land-la-dy pro-nounce re-peat ma-jor-i-ty tongue gov-ern-ment sit-u-a-tion in-ter-na-tion-al or-gan-i-za-tion com-mu-ni-cate in-de-pend-ent

7. 重读和轻读 • “”为重音符号，表示重读音节；“”为次重音符号，表示次重读音节；轻读音节不作记号。 • 1、单音节词的重音： he[], good[], learn[]。 • 2、双音节词的重音： letter[-]，study[-]， sister[-]，morning[-]。

8. 例外的情况： • 1）重音在第二个音节上 • a) 带有词头a-, be-, de-, re-, ad-, ap-, con-, dis-, in-, ex-等的词一般重音在第二个音节上。如： • a- about，away，academy，agreement，announcement，attractive，award，amount，accept • ad- advance，advice，address，adventure，adapt • ap- appear，apply，appointment，apologize • be- begin，before，believe，because，behave • con- consist，concern，consider，continue，contain • de- decide，defend，deceive，depend，defeat，degree，deserted，desire，dessert，determine，devote • dis- discuss，displease，disabled，disagree • ex- explain，expose，except，exchange，excitement，experience，express • in- include，indeed，intelligence • re- report，research，resource，rebuild，replace，repeat，remind，represent，respond，restore

9. 例外的情况： • b) 含有后缀-self和-selves的复合词。如：myself[]，himself[]，yourselves[], themselves[]。

10. 例外的情况： • 2）有些双音节词两个音节都重读。 • a) Beijing[]，Shanghai[] • b) rewrite[]，retell[] • c) inside[]，upstairs[] • d) thirteen[]，nineteen[]

11. 多音节词的重音： • 1）hospital[--]，experiment [---]，university[----]，possibility[----]，nationality[----]，opportunity[----] • 2）translation [--]；scientific[---]；decision[--]

12. 区别词类的重读 • 1）拼法相同，重音不同，词性不同。如： • increase [] n.增加 [] v.增加 • perfect [] adj. 完美的 [] v. 使完美 • rebel [] adj. 反叛的 [] v. 反叛

13. 区别词类的重读 • 2）拼法相同，重音不同，词性词义都不同。如： • subject [] n.学科 [] v.使隶属 • object [] n. 物体 [] v. 反对 • refuse [] n.垃圾 [] v.拒绝

14. 复合形容词的重读 • 复合形容词多由形容词+形容词、形容词+分词、副词、分词、副词+形容词构成。这些词通常 保留两个重音。如： dark-blue[]， good-looking[]， over-busy[]

15. 复合形容词的重读 • 复合词的重读与自由组合词的重读：自由组合的两个单词都重读，构成复合词写在一起后，就只有一个重音，而且词义完全不同。如： • black board []黑色的板子 blackboard []黑板 • green house []绿色的房子greenhouse []温室 • green room []绿色的房间 greenroom []演员休息室 • blue bottle []蓝色的瓶子 bluebottle [] 绿色大苍蝇

16. 辅音连缀 • 辅音连缀是英语特有的一种语言现象。在朗读辅音连缀时，一定要求做到：①不在辅音之间添加元音[]；②不吞没辅音连缀中的任何一个辅音。例如有些同学不是将next []中的[]吞掉，读成[]，就是将[]吞掉而读成[]。正确的读音应是将三个辅音都读出来，既不加元音，也不吞辅音。

17. 朗读下列音标和单词 • [-] [-] [-] [-] • [-] [-] [-] [-] • [-] [-] [-] [-] • [-] [-] [-] [-] • [-] [-] • black class flag glass • plough slow brain screen • sky small spy stone • twelve swim quarter

18. 不完全爆破 • 朗读下列词句 • 1) sit down［］I can’t come.［］ actor［］ blackboard［］ • 2) sweet dream ［］ It’s not true.［］ picture［］ object［］ • 3) old friend ［］ I’m not sure.［］ breakfast ［］ outside ［］ • 4) good night ［］ Don't thank me.［］ kindness ［］grandmother［］ • 5) about Li［］I don't like it.［］

19. 音的同化 • 1) newspaper［——］ Does she?［——］ • 2) speed［——］ • 3) ［］+［］——［］： Didn't you? ［］ • ［］+［］——［］： Could you? ［］

20. 连读 1) Have a look at it. ［⌣⌣⌣］ Not at all.［⌣⌣］ 2) We must try again. ［() ⌣］ They are deeply interested in it. ［⌣⌣⌣⌣］ 3) There are about sixty students in our class. [⌣⌣⌣⌣] I bought a pair of shoes. [⌣⌣] 4) Go away. ［⌣］ What about your idea of it? ［⌣⌣⌣⌣］

21. 意群和停顿 • Chuck/ learns a lot about himself/ when he is alone/ on the island.// He realizes/ that he hasn’t been a very good friend/ because he has always been thinking about himself.// During his five years on the island,/ Chuck learns/ how to be a good friend to Wilson.// Even though Wilson is just a volleyball,/ he becomes fond of him.// He talks to him/ and treats him as a friend.// Chuck learns/ that we need friends to share happiness and sorrow,/ and that it is important/ to have someone to care about.// He also learns/ that he should have cared more about his friends.// When he makes friends with Wilson,/ he understands/ that friendship is about feelings/ and that we must give as much as we take.//

22. 升调和降调 • Where’s the nearest post office, ↗please? ↗Sorry, I don’t ↘know. • Is there a bookshop near ↗here? Yes, there ↘is. • Which bus do I ↘need? I think you need a number ↘7 bus. • I think I’ll stay ↗home and do some ↘reading. • There are →seven ↘days in a ↘week. They are ↗Sunday, ↗Monday, ↗Tuesday, ↗Wednesday, ↗Tr4hursday, ↗Friday and ↘Saturday.

23. 句子重音 • So the two young brothers worked hard at 连 冠 数 形 名 动 副 介 • that time. 代 名

24. 节奏对句子重音的影响 • fifteen; fifteen books; Beijing; Beijing duck; reach Beijing; man-made; man-made satellite; Chinese; Chinese language • a good comrade; a very good comrade; He turned off the light. He turned it off. • That is just what I've been wanting for a long time.→That is just what I've been wanting for a long time.