1 / 16

Community Health Workers: A scoping review of HICs

Community Health Workers: A scoping review of HICs. Maisam Najafizada, Ivy Bourgeault , Ronald Labont é , Sara Torres, Corinne Packer Institute of Population Health University of Ottawa snaja100@uottawa.ca . The marginalized vs the health system. The problem.

sela
Download Presentation

Community Health Workers: A scoping review of HICs

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Community Health Workers: A scoping review of HICs Maisam Najafizada, Ivy Bourgeault, Ronald Labonté, Sara Torres, Corinne Packer Institute of Population Health University of Ottawa snaja100@uottawa.ca

  2. The marginalized vsthe health system

  3. The problem • Health inequities among marginalized populations (Immigrants, aboriginals, and low-income and homeless populations) Meaning • Inappropriate utilization of health care services • A lack of access to or underutilization of primary health care services • An overutilization of emergency departments, and professional services

  4. The grassroots solution • Individuals with good knowledge of communities (mostly one of their members) who has good knowledge of the health system • Health Navigators • Promotoras (Spanish Population) • Community Health Representatives (Aboriginals) • Peer Health Educator • Health Trainers (UK)

  5. The question • What do we know about CHWs in Canada? • What is there to know about CHWs in countries like Canada i.e. the United States, the UK, Europe, Australia? • Comparing the two, where is the research gap in Canada?

  6. How is the study conducted? • Arksey and O’Malley Method of Scooping review: • Identifying research question • Identifying relevant studies • Study selection • Charting data • Collating, summarizing and reporting the results

  7. Electronic Database Search (n=409 articles) Gross number of articles in each source Medline (n= 121) Embase (n= 126) CINAHL 9 (n=142) Grey Literature (n=20) Flowchart of articles included in the study Abstract review (n=409) Articles excluded based on abstract review (n=294) Reason for exclusion: Did not have CHWs as the main focus Full screening (n=115) Articles excluded based on full screening (n=58) Reason for exclusion: Does not focus on health promotion, disease prevention, social determinants of health Data extraction (n=64)

  8. Who are they & what do they do? • A frontlinepublic health worker • Trusted member of and/or has an unusually close understanding of the community served. • Serves as a liaison/link/intermediary between health/social services and the community to facilitate access to services and improve the quality and cultural competence of service delivery. • Builds individual and community capacity by increasing health knowledge and self-sufficiency through a range of activities such as outreach, community education, informal counselling, social support, and advocacy.

  9. Typology of CHWs in Canada • Community Health Representatives: Aboriginal population • Community Facilitator and Community Support Workers: CancerCareManitoba: • Women Health Educators (WHEs): Hamilton • Community Health Brokers: Hamilton, Niagara, Brant, and Haldimand Norfolk • Multicultural Health Brokers: Edmonton, Alberta; Sommerset West Community Center, Ottawa. • Cross Cultural Health Brokers: British Columbia • Peer Leader (lay health educator): Toronto

  10. Recruitment • Types of recruitment • Recruited by community organizations • Recruited by public health system in small projects • Recruited by communities (Rarely) • Criteria • Community origin • Knowledge of the community

  11. Education & Training • Type of training • On-the-job training • Health organization training • Educational institution training • No training • Content of training • Health promotion and disease prevention • Access to health system • Community development-related training • Disease-specific training • Administrative and research related

  12. Accreditation & Recognition • Internationally • CHW as a standard job classification in US in 2010 • Minnesota and Massachusetts have integrated CHWs in their health system • Health Trainer in the national health services of the UK • Canada • Unregulated and unrecognized in Canada • CHW as a career • Sustainability of CHW programs • Integration of CHW programs into the health system

  13. Compensation • Type of payment • Paid low wages • Not paid for the amount of time actually works • Employed/paid at intervals – when projects have funding • Factors in payment • Training • Accreditation • Funding

  14. Discussion • What’s known • CHWs are a reality under various titles • Takes a holistic approach • a) Positive health impact b) reduce health disparity, c) potential to control/reduce high costs of medical/hospital services • A component of patient-centered health systems • What’s not known in Canada • No complete picture • No evidence on • Their cost-effectiveness • Interaction with other sectors • Enablers and barriers to these roles • Identification and recommendation for policy and program change

  15. Conclusion • CHWs are a grassroots reality in Canada, • Who needs to be identified and researched nationally, • Who needs to be recognized by the governments, • Who needs to be regulated within the health care system

  16. Questions and comments

More Related