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Exploring Social Psychology Canadian Edition by David G. Myers & Steven M. Smith

Exploring Social Psychology Canadian Edition by David G. Myers & Steven M. Smith. Conformity and Obedience Module 10. Asch’s Study of Conformity. Participants judged which of three comparison lines matched a standard line. Asch’s Study of Conformity. Asch’s results were startling because…

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Exploring Social Psychology Canadian Edition by David G. Myers & Steven M. Smith

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  1. Exploring Social PsychologyCanadian Edition by David G. Myers & Steven M. Smith Conformity and Obedience Module 10

  2. Asch’s Study of Conformity • Participants judged which of three comparison lines matched a standard line.

  3. Asch’s Study of Conformity • Asch’s results were startling because… • - There was no obvious pressure to conform • - There were no rewards for “team play” • - There was no punishment for individuality What would have happened if people were directly coerced?

  4. Milgram’s Obedience Experiments • The study is supposed to examine the effects of punishment on learning • - Incorrect responses are punished with a shock • - No shock was actually administered

  5. Milgram’s Obedience Experiments • To keep participants going, four verbal prods were used: • Please continue • The experiment requires that you continue • It is absolutely essential that you continue • You have no other choice; you must go on

  6. Milgram’s Obedience Experiments • In Milgram’s first condition, 65% of the participants provided full compliance

  7. What Breeds Obedience? • Four factors determined obedience: • Emotional distance of the victim • Closeness and legitimacy of the authority • Institutional authority • The liberating effects of group influence

  8. Reflections on the Classic Studies • Asch and Milgram experiments: • Show how compliance can take precedence over moral sense • Persuade people to go against their own consciences

  9. Behaviour and Attitudes • Level of personal responsibility is a factor in the obedience studies • Psychological states shifted during the various phases of the obedience studies • Reluctance to comply (at the beginning of study) to justification of cruel acts (nearing the end of study)

  10. The Power of the Situation • Culture is a powerful shaper of lives • The immediate situational forces are just aspowerful • - Situations can induce ordinary people to agree to falsehoods or to capitulate to cruelty

  11. The Fundamental Attribution Error • Underestimation of social forces • Good people sometimes do bad things

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