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Parabolas: Graphing Parabolas

Parabolas: Graphing Parabolas. Section 4.1. Definitions. Quadratic Equation is viewed as, a x 2 + b x + c = 0, where a ≠ 0 Parabola is an “u-shaped” graph If a is positive, it opens up If a is negative, it opens down Vertex is the highest or lowest point of the graph

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Parabolas: Graphing Parabolas

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  1. Parabolas: Graphing Parabolas Section 4.1 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas

  2. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Definitions • Quadratic Equation is viewed as, ax2 + bx + c = 0, where a ≠ 0 • Parabola is an “u-shaped” graph • If a is positive, it opens up • If a is negative, it opens down • Vertex is the highest or lowest point of the graph • Axis of Symmetry is the vertical line passing though the vertex (x of vertex) represented by a DOTTED-line • Roots are also generally known as x-intercepts or solutions. It is where the graph crosses the x-axis

  3. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Definitions y = x2 – 4 X-intercept(s): Point(s) where the graph crosses the x-axis. Roots: The solutions to the equation . Ordered Pair: (–2, 0) Ordered Pair: (2, 0) Vertex: Minimum or maximum value Axis of Symmetry: Line that separates the graph in half; always is x equals

  4. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Equations • Quadratic equation: ax2 + bx + c = y • To find vertex:

  5. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Definitions • Quadratic Equation is viewed as, ax2 + bx + c = 0, where a ≠ 0 • Parent Functions of Parabola: y = x2 Change of a Change of c

  6. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas The change in c • For shifts of c of ax2 + bx + c = y, the change of the c, the y-intercept shifts up or down

  7. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas The change in a • For shifts of a of ax2 + bx + c = y, the bigger the a, the smaller the graph gets.

  8. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Steps • Make sure the parabola is in standard form, ax2 + bx + c = 0, where a ≠ 0 • Determine the vertex by using the equation, -b/2a • Determine the additional points by plugging in at least 4 additional points • Draw the arrowed graphs

  9. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 1 Determine the vertex of y = x2 – 4 and sketch the graph Is it in standard form? YES Determine the vertex.

  10. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 1 Determine the vertex of y = x2 – 4, sketch the graph, and describe the shift of the function Determine the vertex. To solve for x, plug into the equation, x = -b/2a

  11. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 1 Determine the vertex of y = x2 – 4, sketch the graph, and describe the shift of the function Determine the vertex. To solve for y of the vertex, plug the x into the equation

  12. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Definitions y = x2 – 4 X-intercept(s): Point(s) where the graph crosses the x-axis. Root(s): The solutions to the equation . Ordered Pair: (–2, 0) Ordered Pair: (2, 0) Vertex: Minimum or maximum value (0, –4) Axis of Symmetry: Line that separates the graph in half; always is x equals

  13. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 2 Determine the vertex of y = x2 – 9 and sketch the graph

  14. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 3 Given equation: y = x2 – 9 • Determine: • How it opens • Shift from the Parent Function • The Vertex • Roots • Y-Intercept • Axis of Symmetry • Domain • Range • Minimum/Maximum

  15. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 3 Given y = x2 – 9 • How it opens? • Is the leading coefficient positive or negative? POSITIVE OPENS UP

  16. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 3 From this equation: y = x2 – 9 • The shift from the parent function Moves 9 spots down

  17. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 3 • From this equation, identify the X-coordinate of the vertex y = x2 – 9 • Plug the equation in

  18. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 3 • From this equation, identify the Y-coordinate of the vertex y = x2 – 9 • Plug the equation in

  19. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 3 Given y = x2 – 9 • The vertex:

  20. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 3 Roots are where they cross the x-axis – Solve for x WHERE Y = 0

  21. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 3 From this equation: y = x2 – 9 • Y-intercept: y =(0, –9)

  22. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 3 Given y = x2 – 9 • Axis of Symmetry is the X of the vertex.

  23. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 3 • Domain is the listing of all of the x-coordinates ALL REAL NUMBERS (–∞, ∞)

  24. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 3 • Range is the listing of all of the y-coordinates y >-9 [–9, ∞) > > arrow u >

  25. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Your Turn • Given equation: y = x2 – 16 • Determine: • How it opens • Shift from the Parent Function • Roots • Y-Intercept • The Vertex • Axis of Symmetry • Domain • Range • Minimum/Maximum

  26. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Your Turn • Given equation, y = x2 – 16 • Determine: • How it opens • Shift from the Parent Function • Roots • Y-Intercept • The Vertex • Axis of Symmetry • Domain • Range • Minimum/Maximum up Down 16 (±4, 0) (0, -16) (0, -16) x = 0 All Reals y > -16 Min at -16

  27. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 3 • Given equation, y = 2x2 – 2 • Determine: • How it opens • Shift from the Parent Function • Roots • Y-Intercept • The Vertex • Axis of Symmetry • Domain • Range • Minimum/Maximum up Down 2 and compresses with a scale of 2 (1, 0) and (-1, 0) (0, -2) (0, -2) x = 0 All Reals y > -2 Min at -2

  28. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 4 • Given equation, y = 2x2 – 2x + 5 • Determine: • How it opens • Y-Intercept • The Vertex • Axis of Symmetry • Domain • Range • Minimum/Maximum up (0, 5) (0.5, 4.5) x = 0.5 All Real Numbers y > 4.5 Min at 4.5

  29. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 5 • Given equation: y = x2 + 6x + 9 • Roots • The Vertex

  30. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 4 • Given y = x2 + 6x + 9 • Roots: x = (–3, 0) Double Root

  31. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 4 • From this equation, identify the X-coordinate of the vertex y = x2 + 6x + 9 • Plug the equation in

  32. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 4 • From this equation, identify the Y-coordinate of the vertex y = x2 + 6x + 9 • Plug the equation in

  33. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Your Turn • Given equation: y = x2 + 8x + 16 • Roots • The Vertex

  34. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Quadratic Equation • Use the quadratic equation: f(x) = a(x – h)2 + k • To find vertex: • a:Reflection/Scaled stretch • h: Horizontal Translation • k: Vertical Translation (also known as ‘c’)

  35. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 5 • Given equation: y = (x + 4)2 – 9 • Determine: • How it opens • Shift from the Parent Function • Roots • Y-Intercept • The Vertex • Axis of Symmetry • Domain • Range • Minimum/Maximum

  36. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 5 • Given y = (x + 4)2 – 9 • How it opens? • Is the leading coefficient positive or negative? POSITIVE OPENS UP

  37. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 5 • Given y = (x + 4)2 – 9 • The shift from the parent function Down 9, left 4 spots

  38. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 5 • Given y = (x + 4)2 – 9 • Roots: x = (–7, 0) and (–1, 0)

  39. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 5 • Given y = (x + 4)2 – 9 • Y-intercept: y = (0, 7)

  40. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 5 • From this equation, identify the X-coordinate of the vertex y = (x + 4)2 – 9

  41. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 5 • Given: y = (x + 4)2 – 9 • The vertex:

  42. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 5 Given: y = (x + 4)2 – 9 Axis of Symmetry is the X of the vertex.

  43. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 5 • Domain is the listing of all of the x-coordinates ALL REAL NUMBERS

  44. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 5 • Range is the listing of all of the y-coordinates y >-9 arrow u >

  45. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Example 6 • Given equation: y = –(x – 3)2 + 5 • Determine: • How it opens • Shift from the Parent Function • Roots • Y-Intercept • The Vertex • Axis of Symmetry • Domain • Range • Minimum/Maximum down Right 3, Up 5 (0, -2) (0, -2) x = 0 All Reals y < -2 Min at -2

  46. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Your Turn • Given equation: y = 2(x + 3)2 - 6 • Determine: • How it opens • Shift from the Parent Function • Roots • Y-Intercept • The Vertex • Axis of Symmetry • Domain • Range • Minimum/Maximum up Left 3, Down 6, (0, -6) (-3, -6) x = -3 All Reals y > -6 Min at -6

  47. 4.1 - Graphing Parabolas Assignment WKST

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