The Security and Prosperity Partnership of North America , trade, and food safety and security

1. The Security and Prosperity Partnership of North America, trade, and food safety and security Kansas-Mexico Food Safety Forum 13 November 2007 | 9:30am Justin Kastner, Ph.D. Assistant Professor, Food Safety &Security Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology Kansas State University 785-532-4820 jkastner@ksu.edu Jason Ackleson, Ph.D. Assistant Professor Government Department New Mexico State University jackleso@nmsu.edu Aisha Salazar, M.S. RA, Food Safety & Security PhD Student, Food Science Kansas State University aisha@k-state.edu

3. Purposes of today’s session Consider programs and trade concepts that may be of mutual interest to the U.S. and Mexico Identify challenges, and opportunities for enhanced trade cooperation between Kansas and Mexico

4. Programs and trade concepts The Security and Prosperity Partnership of North America The international trade law concepts of regionalizationand compartmentalization

5. The SPP • The Security and Prosperity Partnership of North America (SPP) • “Routinizes,” or increases, cross-border cooperation through working groups • Seeks to promote bothtrade and security

6. The SPP: Enhancing North American competitiveness The SPP focuses more on the economic realities of North American integration—rather than viewing borders as barriers.

7. U.S.-Mexico bilateral cooperation U.S.-Mexico bilateral cooperation uniquely benefits Kansas and Mexico 2006 Kansas-Mexico meat trade: $231.3 million. For example: Chihuahua-NM-KS-Mexico import/export linkage

8. Regionalization and Compartmentalization Regionalization – managing food safety and/or animal disease risk in geographic regions, for trade Compartmentalization – managing risk in specific supply chains and establishments to ensure trade

9. Examples of regionalization • United States • 1983 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza outbreak in northeastern U.S. • Canada continued importing poultry products from unaffected states • Loss in income: $13 million v. $351 million • Brazil • 2005, FMD outbreak in states of MatoGrosso do Sul and Parana • European Union and Russia imposed bans on only those two regions • Over 50 countries imposed whole-country bans

10. Regionalization: issues and challenges • Capabilities of Veterinary Services, or similar authority • Maintaining a functional separation between animal populations • management or geographic boundaries • “National Veterinary Services are crucial to prevention, detection and monitoring of animal diseases, including diseases transmissible to humans.… Countries with inefficient Veterinary Services cannot provide credible guarantees to their trade partners of the safety of the products of animal origin they wish to export.” • - Bernard Vallat, Director General, OIE

11. Regionalization: issues and challenges • Variability between cases • Epidemiology of disease • Environmental factors • Spatial considerations • Prior to outbreak rather than during outbreak • Benefit to export-oriented regions • Financial and human resources

12. Compartmentalization • Novel concept for the OIE, Canada, U.S., and Mexico • Shift from geographical to food system approach • In theory, compartmentalization could be applied to • Specific herds, • Feed supply chains, • Food processing establishments, and • Other segments of the food system • Interest is growing • OIE 75th General Session • U.S.-Mexico-Canada working group

13. Challenges and opportunities • Regionalization • Lengthy approval process for Mexico • Implementation embryonic in the U.S. • Compartmentalization • Additional research needed for broader implementation in the ag & food industry • Kansas-based companies engaged in supply-chain traceability • Others – what do you see?