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Los perfectos

Los perfectos. Perfect Tenses. Any perfect tense is a compound tense . But what is a compound tense ? Easy!! A compound word is 2 words put together like: home + work= homework play + ground= playground. A compound tense is 2 verbs used together to form 1 tense. Past Participle.

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Los perfectos

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  1. Los perfectos

  2. Perfect Tenses • Any perfect tense is a compound tense. But what is a compound tense? • Easy!! A compound word is 2 words put together like: home + work= homework • play + ground= playground. • A compound tense is 2 verbsused together to form • 1 tense.

  3. Past Participle All perfect tenses are made up of two parts: the helping verb haber and the past participle of the main verb: helping verbpast participlehelping verbpast participle He haseaten. We haveseen. They haveleft. You havefinished. I havestudied. She hasfallen.

  4. ¿Qué es el presente perfecto? The present perfect is formed by combining: The helping verb HABER (“have” or “has”) the past participle +

  5. Past Participle All perfect tenses are made up of two parts: the helping verb and the past participle of the main verb: helping verbpast participlehelping verbpast participle I havestudied. We haveseen You havefinished. He haseaten. They haveleft. She hasfallen. You all havehelped.

  6. This is how you form the past participle in Spanish: Drop the –ar and add –ado: hablar hablado nadar nadado pensar pensado almorzar almorzado llegar llegado estar estado Drop the –er or –ir and add –ido: comer comido poder podido aprender aprendido querer querido asistir asistido venir venido

  7. There are, of course, irregular past participles in Spanish as there are in English. call have called jump have jumped look have looked eat have eated???? have eaten bring have bringed???? have brought

  8. R roto E escrito V visto V vuelto M muerto A abierto C cubierto P puesto H hecho D dicho D devuelto

  9. Not exactly irregular but… -er and –ir verbs whose stems end in a vowel have past participles ending in –ído caer → caído creer → creído leer → leído oír → oído reír → reído traer → traído

  10. Click here to go to a brief practice exercise.

  11. Para formar en español • In Spanish we form the present perfect by combining the present tense of the verb haber(the helping verb, or el verbo auxiliar)with a past participle • For example: • Yo he bailado. I have danced. • Nosotros no hemos estudiado para el examen. We haven’t studied for the test.

  12. The present tense of haber

  13. Para formar… Here are the present perfect forms of estudiar:

  14. Now you try… On your notes, see if you can figure out the present perfect forms for the verb hablar:

  15. Is this what you came up with?

  16. Let’s try another… Now see if you can form the present perfect forms of the verb tomar:

  17. Is this what you got?

  18. Let’s try another one…see if you can come up with the present perfect tense of ir:

  19. Is this what you came up with?

  20. Many of you may have assumed that ir had an irregular past participle. Afterall, it does have an irregular present participle. But ir is actually regular in this form.

  21. Click here to go to a brief practice exercise.

  22. Pluperfect(Past Perfect)(Pluscuamperfecto) The past perfect (also called the pluperfect and, in Spanish, the pluscuamperfecto), remember, is the past of the past and translates with “had” in English. ALL perfect tenses get a helping verb and a past participle: present perfect he haseaten past perfect he hadeaten future perfect he will haveeaten conditional perfect he would haveeaten

  23. As you saw, the present perfect tense has a set of helping verbs that come from “haber”: he hemos has habéis ha han The same is true of the past perfect. The helping verbs for the past perfect are the imperfect form of “haber”: había hablado habíamos hablado habías hablado habíais hablado había hablado habían hablado

  24. Note that the endings on “haber” for the past perfect are the endings for the imperfect tense: había habíamos habías habíais había habían The present perfect is the PRESENT tense of “haber” + the past participle. The past perfect tense is the IMPERFECT (PAST) tense of “haber” + the past participle. Guess what the future perfect tense is composed of. But that’s another lesson.

  25. Click here to go to a brief practice exercise.

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