Japanese Experiences in Urbanization & Urban Planning System in Japan

1. Japanese Experiences in Urbanization& Urban Planning System in Japan JICA Expert Kenichi WAKAMATSU 23 Aug.2001 Jakarta

2. Today’s point • Japanese Experiences in Urbanization • Outline of Urban Planning System in Japan • Suggestion for Special Planning System in Indonesia

3. Japanese Experiences in Urbanization

4. GDP per capita in Japan

5. Comprehensive National Development Plan

6. Empowering the Private Sector by Concentrating Public Investments

7. National Income per capita in Japan

8. As a result … ⇒ We had several urban problems. • Formation of poor quality urbanized areas without provision for minimum public facilities, that is sprawl • Environmental pollution • Traffic congestion,etc

9. Urbanization Process in Various Countries

10. Characteristics of Urbanization in Developing Countries • Urbanization Speed • Concentration of functions and population in the metropolis, especially in national capitals

11. Urban Planning Systemin Japan

12. History of Urban Planning Law End of 19c. 1968 • Capital Development • Covering the urban area • in the whole Country • Urban Infrastructure • Development 1919 • Detailed Zoning System

13. The objectives of the 1968 Law • Enactment of land use plans with legal power • Supply of building lots in new urban areas • Regulation and guidance of land use through Land Development Permission System • Devolving the regulating powers of Urban Planning to local governments • The introduction of a democratic process of urban planning

14. Difference between “Spatial Planning in RI ”and “Urban Planning in Japan” • “Spatial Planning in RI ”deals with all of lands. • “Urban Planning in Japan”deals with only urban and/or its suburb area

15. Urban Planning Area

16. Urban Planning Lawand Related Legislation Group A Group B Group C Urban Facilities Related Land Use Zoning Related Urban Development Projects Related

17. Main Components of Urban Planning Law • The City Planning Law and Construction Standard law which Components Each Other • above 4m width Road • Public Facilities Development Added • Review System of Development Project Conditions to Develop Projects • Project Oriented Planning

18. Procedure of Urban Planning Approval Summaries

19. A scenery ofexplanation meeting

20. General In Japan Project Oriented Planning Urban Planning Project • Project implement • Security in a Period of High Urban Development Demands

21. Procedure of Plan Implementation for Urban Planning Projects • Individual development activities become limited • In this phase, neither land purchase nor actual construction takes place. • vested right is given to a developer to purchase land • Landowner within a project area shall have the right to inverse possession • Demolition of existing structure for the purpose of implementation becomes possible. • Compulsory transfer of real estates rights becomes possible.

22. Suggestion forSpecial Planning System in Indonesia

23. We have to separate Urban Planning from Spatial Planning! • Establishment of the concept “Urban Planning” Urban Planning Spatial Planning

24. A chain ofimplementing flow! (democratic process) This system should be stipulated in details by laws. <Residents> <administration> (Duty) (Right) (Duty) (Right)

25. Project Oriented Planning! • Urban Development Projects should be authorized with legal power. • Urban Development Projects should be included in Spatial Plan. ⇒ Land Consolidation and/or KASIBA would be more and more important.

26. A democratic and effective method on Urban Development- Land Consolidation -

27. Roles of Stakeholders onCollaborative Urban Development Community Participation Activities of Collaborative Urban Development Advise Support cooperation

28. A scenery of workshop

29. Future Themes for explanation • Role of Central and Local Government • Urban Development Projects • Zoning System • District Plan etc.

30. Thank you for your attention See you again!