1 / 14

Solutions

Solutions. How Solutions Form Definitions Types of Solutions Dissolving Rate of Dissolving. A. Definitions. Solution - homogeneous mixture. Solute - substance being dissolved. Solvent - present in greater amount. A. Definitions. Solute - KMnO 4. Solvent - H 2 O.

sera
Download Presentation

Solutions

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Solutions How Solutions Form Definitions Types of Solutions Dissolving Rate of Dissolving

  2. A. Definitions • Solution - homogeneous mixture Solute- substance being dissolved Solvent- present in greater amount

  3. A. Definitions Solute - KMnO4 Solvent - H2O

  4. B. Types of Solutions • Based on state of solvent. • All solid-liquid-gas combos are possible. • EX: Stainless steel is a solid solution of iron, carbon, chromium and nickel

  5. C. Dissolving • Solvation • occurs at the surface of the solute • solvent particles surround solute particles (+/- attraction) • solute particles are pulled into solution

  6. C. Dissolving NaCl dissolving in water

  7. D. Rate of Solution • Solids dissolve faster... • more stirring • small particle size(increased surface area) • high temperature

  8. Solubility • Solubility: the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent at a given temperature • Concentrated: large amount of solute dissolved in solvent • Dilute: small amount of solute in solvent

  9. Types of Solutions: • Saturated: a solution that contains the maximum amount of solute it can hold at a given temperature • Unsaturated: a solution that can dissolve more solute at a given temperature • Heating a saturated solution makes it unsaturated • Supersaturated: a solution that contains more solute than a saturated solution at a given temperature. • Unstable

  10. Solubility Curves

  11. D. Rate of Solution-Gases • Gases dissolve faster... • no shaking or stirring • high pressure • low temperature

  12. Particles in Solutions • Electrolytes: solutions that contain ions or charged particles • Can be strong or weak electrolytes • Nonelectrolytes: form no ions in water. Nonconductors • Ionization: neutral molecule broken apart to form ions • Dissociation: separation of ionic solid into positive and negative ions

  13. Effects of solute particles • Lowering Freezing Point: solute particles interfere with formation of orderly pattern • Antifreeze • Animals with built in antifreeze • Raising Boiling Point: more energy is needed for solute particles to escape the liquid

  14. Like Dissolves Like • Polar Substances dissolve polar things • Nonpolar Substances dissolve nonpolar things • Soap: has polar and nonpolar end to dissolve in water and dissolve oily dirt • Polar and nonpolar vitamins

More Related