Issues and Challenges in School-wide Prevention

1. Issues and Challenges inSchool-wide Prevention Carl Liaupsin University of Arizona pbisaz.org (with support and material from the National Technical Assistance Center on PBIS)

2. Agenda • Overview • Basics of PBIS • Current Data • Administrative Issues • Critical Team Members • Moving the Project • Critical Promotion Goals • What is Coming? • RTI and PBIS • Structure National/State/Local • Data Collection • Legislation

3. PBIS Overview Basics Current Data

4. Credit: Tertiary Prevention: Specialized Individualized Systems for Students with High-Risk Behavior CONTINUUM OF SCHOOL-WIDE INSTRUCTIONAL & POSITIVE BEHAVIOR SUPPORT ~5% Secondary Prevention: Specialized Group Systems for Students with At-Risk Behavior ~15% Primary Prevention: School-/Classroom- Wide Systems for All Students, Staff, & Settings ~80% of Students

5. Credit: Basics: 4 PBS Elements Supporting Social Competence & Academic Achievement OUTCOMES Supporting Decision Making Supporting Staff Behavior DATA SYSTEMS PRACTICES Supporting Student Behavior

6. GENERAL IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS Credit: Team Agreements Data-based Action Plan Evaluation Implementation

7. Credit: School-wide 1. Common purpose & approach to discipline 2. Clear set of positive expectations & behaviors 3. Procedures for teaching expected behavior 4. Continuum of procedures for encouraging expected behavior 5. Continuum of procedures for discouraging inappropriate behavior 6. Procedures for on-going monitoring & evaluation

8. Teaching Matrix Classroom Lunchroom Bus Hallway Assembly RespectOthers Use inside voice Eat your own food Stay in your seat Stay to right Arrive on time to speaker RespectEnvironment & Property Recycle paper Return trays Keep feet on floor Put trash in cans Take litter with you RespectYourself Do your best Wash your hands Be at stop on time Use your words Listen to speaker Respect Learning Have materials ready Go directly from bus to class Go directly to class Discuss topic in class with others

10. VIOLENCE PREVENTION? Credit: Surgeon General’s Report on Youth Violence (2001) Coordinated Social Emotional & Learning (Greenberg et al., 2003) Center for Study & Prevention of Violence (2006) White House Conference on School Violence (2006) Positive, predictable school-wide climate High rates of academic & social success Formal social skills instruction Positive active supervision & reinforcement Positive adult role models Multi-component, multi-year school-family-community effort

11. Overview of Upcoming DataHorner et al., in press Bradshaw & Leaf, in press Credit: • Schools that receive technical assistance from typical support personnel implement SWPBS with fidelity • Fidelity SWPBS is associated with • Low levels of ODR • Improved perception of safety of the school • Increased proportion of 3rd graders who meet state reading standard. • Fewer ODRs for truancy • Fewer suspensions • Increasing trend in % of students scoring in advanced & proficient range of state achievement test

12. 05% 20% 11% 22% 84% 58% SWPBS schools are more preventive

15. Administrative Issues Critical Team Members Moving the Project Critical Promotion Goals

16. Team Composition • Administrator • Grade/Department Representation • Specialized Support • Special Educator, Counselor, School Psychologist, Social Worker, etc. • Support Staff • Office, Supervisory, Custodial, Bus, Security, etc. • Parent • Community • Mental Health, Business • Student

17. Moving the Project • Initial Impressions: • PBIS would maintain at a school after the administrator moved on. • What May be Happening • PBIS has a low likelihood of maintaining after administrator leaves. • Administrator initiates PBIS at new school.

18. Sample Teaming Matrix

19. Sample Administrative Benefit(Office Referrals) 2001-2002 2277 2002-2003 1322 = 955 42% improvement = 14,325 min (@15 min per referral) = 238.75 hrs = 40 daysof administrative time

20. Sample Administrative Benefit(Suspensions) 2001-2002 250 2002-2003 125 = 125 50% improvement = 5,625 min (@ 45 min/suspension) = 93.75 hrs = 16 daysadditional time

21. What’s Coming? RTI and PBIS Structure: National/State/Local Data Collection Legislation

22. What’s Coming: Legislation • Positive Behavior for Effective Schools Act (H.R. 3407, S. 2111) • Sponsored by Obama, Durbin, others (2007) • Amendment to No Child Left Behind • Allows Title I funds for PBIS and RTI • Amends: • Title II needs assessment to promote use of PBIS • SDFS provisions to include PBIS • School counseling provisions to support PBIS • Supported by the American School Counselor Association, The Arc of the United States, National Association of State Directors of Special Education, and 23 other organizations

23. What’s Coming: Scaling Measures

24. PBS Systems Implementation Logic Credit: Visibility Funding Political Support Leadership Team Active & Integrated Coordination Training Evaluation Coaching Local School Teams/Demonstrations

25. Academic Systems Behavioral Systems • Intensive, Individual Interventions • Individual students • Assessment-based • High intensity • Intensive, Individual Interventions • Individual students • Assessment-based • Intense, durable procedures • Targeted Group Interventions • Some students (at-risk) • High efficiency • Rapid response • Targeted Group Interventions • Some students (at-risk) • High efficiency • Rapid response • Universal Interventions • All students • Preventive, proactive • Universal Interventions • All settings, all students • Preventive, proactive Current Concept of RTI and PBIS 1-5% 1-5% 5-10% 5-10% 80-90% 80-90%

26. Credit: RTI Continuum of Support for ALL Few Some All

27. Contacts Carl Liaupsin, Ed.D. liaupsin@email.arizona.edu RTI: http://www.arizonarti.net/ PBIS: http://www.pbis.org http://www.pbisaz.org