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REVIEW

REVIEW. Chapter 5. Matter. Particle Theory All matter is made up of tiny particles that have empty spaces between them. Different substances are made up of different kinds of particles Particles are in constant random motion

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REVIEW

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  1. REVIEW Chapter 5

  2. Matter • Particle Theory • All matter is made up of tiny particles that have empty spaces between them. • Different substances are made up of different kinds of particles • Particles are in constant random motion • The particles of a substance move faster as its temperature increases • Particles attract each other (solids have the most attraction)

  3. States of Matter • Solid, Liquid, Gas • How does the particle theory help explain the arrangement of molecules in different states>?

  4. Matter Pure Substance Mixtures Can combine to form Pure Element Mechanical Mixture Solution Pure Compound • Only 1 element • Anything on the periodic table • Ex. Oxygen - O • Lead - Pb • 24K Gold - Au • Hydrogen - H • More than 1 type of element “bonded” together to form a compound • Ex. Water (H2O) • The different substances in the mix are visible • Ex. Chocolate chip cookies • The different substances in the mixture are not visible • Ex. Kool-Aid • Alloys (18k Gold)

  5. Properties

  6. Physical Properties • - describe the substance • Two types… • Qualitative • Use senses • Colour, state, odour, texture, malleable, etc • Quantitative • A numerical value • Temperature, mass, volume • Characteristic physical properties • Density, MP, BP, FP

  7. Characteristic Physical Properties • Density • Formula • Melting Point • Freezing Point • Boiling Point • Why are these characteristics useful or helpful to scientists and forensic investigators?

  8. Chemical Properties • a characteristic behavior that occurs when the substance changes into something new • Ex. Corrosion, Flammability, Reactivity with acids/bases/water

  9. Change

  10. Physical • a change that does NOT produce a new substance • Ex. Change of state (melting, evaporating…) • Some are reversible (freezing water) • Some are NOT reversible (cutting wood)

  11. Chemical • the change that a substance goes through to produce a NEW substance(s) Clues a chemical changes has occurred… • A new colour is produced • Heat or Light is produced or absorbed (temperature change or sparks) • Bubbles forming (when would this not be a clue?) • A solid material forms in a liquid (precipitate) • A substance disappears • A gas is produced (often times along with an odour) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=74fQBIYV5ts

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