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Research Priorities in Food Crops Krishi Bhavan, New Delhi 7 September2011

Research Priorities in Food Crops Krishi Bhavan, New Delhi 7 September2011. Swapan K. Datta DDG (Crop Science), ICAR. Productivity requirement to meet 2020 demand. Rice 30% Wheat 35% Pulses 110% Total cereals 30% Oilseeds 240%.

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Research Priorities in Food Crops Krishi Bhavan, New Delhi 7 September2011

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  1. Research Priorities in Food Crops Krishi Bhavan, New Delhi 7 September2011 Swapan K. Datta DDG (Crop Science), ICAR

  2. Productivity requirement to meet 2020 demand Rice 30% Wheat 35% Pulses 110% Total cereals 30% Oilseeds 240% Note : The increase in pulses and oilseeds assumes that the requirements would be met domestically Source : 2010-11 production from FAO

  3. Breaking the yield barrier and ensuring food security How do we close this gap after NPT limit is reached? Yield (t ha-1) NPT yield limit Green revolution rice yield limit 1997 2020 Population grow trend 15 10 5 0

  4. Single Cross and QPM Hybrids of Maize Maize production almost doubled Maize has shown fastest growth rate (>4%) Maize production can be doubled Hybrid coverage to be increased (>35%) Biotech GM corn with Bt +Ht ready Globally available, ready for release in India Drought T corn + multiple pyramided genes are in the pipelines

  5. Prof. Yuan Longping (left), Father of Hybrid Rice Hybrid Rice in China/India Historical Development Other countries are slow in adoption ( India : 1.5 m ha )

  6. CA: Mitigate Terminal Heat in Wheat Terminal heat Source: Jat et al (2009)

  7. Making rice climate-proof drought salinity heat submergence

  8. Pulses : Present and Future (2010-11) Production : 18.29 million tons Ca 3 Mt more than last year Target 25 Mt by 2020-25 Transgenic Pod borer Resistant Pulses along with multiple disease resistant + WUE must be targeted and possible Why not to target a budget of 5 Cr to develop a Commissioned project for Pulses (Improvement/Production)

  9. 1 Billion people of world is malnourished while 30% Indian population (mostly women and children) are malnourished : Food + Nutrition Security come together & can easily be utilized with PDS Nutri-Cereals Protein /b-carotene enriched potato Insulin promoting rice Canola quality mustard oils Vitamin C food crop High iron rice b-carotene + Vit E /Lysine rice Vitamin E + b-carotenemaize Biofortified food crops for India?

  10. Need a strong high throughput Molecular Plant Breeding Platform for efficient modern breeding as vertical growth of yield would be required

  11. Sequencing and encoding the genes will provide the future designer food crops

  12. 1. Architecture of the plants 2. Designer Crops 3. End product with energy efficient metabolic pathways 4. Low light Responsive Photosynthesis 5. Biological N2 Fixation 6. C4 rice, wheat & Potato 9. Health Food (LGI FC/LSFG) 10. Dynamic Crop Calendar

  13. A FEW RESEARCHABLE ISSUES Dev of Water/Nitrogen/Phosphorus UEC Designer crops with suitable mechanization Transgenic Crops 1) pulses with pod borer Resistant 3) Wheat with drought/terminal heat stress T 4) Rice with pest/disease/herbicide and abiotic stress Tolerance

  14. Quality Seed Improved variety/hybrid High genetic purity High vigour Free from seed-borne pathogens Value-addition Reduced loss during storage Need world class laboratory for seed research and seed certification based on science profiling

  15. Possible actions Water management • Promotion of Hybrid Rice/Pigeon pea/Wheat • Multiple stress tolerant rice (biotic and abiotic) • Zero tillage and weed management • Promotion of Biotechnology for PPP • commissioned project implementation • Productive large farms across the country to grow need based crops with local storage capacity

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