1 / 26

Open Space: Rural Amenities, Values and Policy Issues

Open Space: Rural Amenities, Values and Policy Issues. Don McLeod Agricultural & Applied Economics University of Wyoming And the help of many Colleagues. LAYOUT. So What? Who Cares? Examples/Typologies of Amenities Valuation Policy Issues. Relevance of Rural Open Space. Biodiversity

shaine-cunningham
Download Presentation

Open Space: Rural Amenities, Values and Policy Issues

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Open Space: Rural Amenities, Values and Policy Issues Don McLeod Agricultural & Applied Economics University of Wyoming And the help of many Colleagues

  2. LAYOUT • So What? Who Cares? • Examples/Typologies of Amenities • Valuation • Policy Issues

  3. Relevance of Rural Open Space • Biodiversity • Groundwater • Arable Lands • Recreation • Scenic Views • Economic Importance to Rural Communities • Stock of Developable Lands • Private Property

  4. Nonmetropolitan population change, 2000 to 2010 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2000, 2010

  5. Wyoming Population Change

  6. Open Space Conversion • Energy • Residential • Fragmentation/Parcelization • Adversely Impacting Open Space Attributes

  7. INTERESTED PARTIES IN AMENITY DEBATE • Landowners • Development Agents • NGOs/LTAs • Grass Root Community Groups • Public Use/Management Agencies • Tax Entities (IRS, Dept of Revenue) • Extremely Varied Interests in Definition/Valuation

  8. Conceptual Underpinnings • Land = Input for Agriculture • Land = Input for Development • Land = Final Consumer Good • Land = Source of Public Goods

  9. AMENITY TYPES • Faushold & Lilieholm (EM, 1999, p.308): Open space “…undeveloped land that retains most of its natural characteristics (such as) forest, grazing, agricultural lands and recreation areas .” • Bergstrom (Pres, 2002): Typology of Values: “Amenity Values are derived directly from the land (landscape) and have large non-consumptive or passive use values.”

  10. Rocky Mountain Landscape:Arid River framed by Distant Alpine View

  11. AMENITY TYPES (CONT.) • Randall (ERAE, 2002): Multifunctionality of Agricultural Lands: Valuation of Amenities via Type, Quality and Accessibility • Surveys of 4 Rocky Mtn Counties (1997-2001): Wildlife Habitat, Water Quantity & Quality, Working Landscapes, Scenic Views; Approval of CEs & Zoning

  12. WHAT AMENITIES ARE DEMANDED…by whom and how? • LO Focus Groups (Miller et al 2010): Wildlife & Open Space Provision; Links to Rural Communities; No Access; Management Control • LTA Focus Groups (Keske et al 2011): Water Quality Protection; Biodiversity; Cultural Importance; Large Block; Landowner Interest; Monitoring & Enforcement;

  13. Factors Affecting CE Contract Choice

  14. Stated Payments for Farmland Protection (Bergstrom & Ready, 2003) • Generic “any” Agricultural Lands by State • Prime “productivity” Agricultural Lands by State

  15. Total Willingness to Pay for Farmland Amenity Protection Graphed Against Total Farmland Acres (2003 $) Source: J. Bergstrom and R. Ready (2003)

  16. Some Stated Preference Research • Public Preferences for Land Preservation: Bergstrom et al., 1985 McLeod et al., 1999 Duke & Lynch, 2006, 2007 Johnston & Duke, 2008 • Landowner Preferences for Land Preservation: Phipps, 1983 Lynch & Lovell, 2003 Duke, 2004

  17. Stated Preferences • CVM: WTP for Land Attributes (each) • Which Good(s)? Service(s)? ----------------------------------------------------- • Stated Choice: WTP for Bundle Choices • Data Requirements for # of Attributes? • Which Attributes? Levels/Quality? Specification? • EG McGaffin et al 2010; Cropper et al 2013

  18. Revealed Preferences • Wyoming Agricultural Land Values • Finding Attribute Values based on Land Prices • GIS to Quantify Attributes • Bastian et al (2002); Wasson et al (in press): *Elk Habitat; Trout Habitat *Remoteness *Access to Blue Ribbon Public Lands *Index of Variety of Scenery & Specific Scenery Components

  19. Opportunity Cost of Development • Cost of Community/Public Services • AG v. Subdivision Use (Coupal et al 2003) • Density of Rural Development (Lieske et al 2012; and Lieske et al forthcoming) • Impacts on Rural Public Service Provision and Budgets

  20. More Opportunity Costs: Wildland Urban Interface • Wild Fire Management • Wildlife Damages • Access to Public Lands • Watersheds/Headwaters Protection • Other Trans-jurisdictional Issues? • Heterogeneity of Ownership?

  21. NATIONAL T&E Species Intact Ecosystems (Y2Y) Trans-boundary Watersheds Prime Agricultural Land for Nat. Food Security LOCAL Wildlife Habitat Scenic/Pastoral Views Groundwater Recreation Prime Agricultural Land for Local Economy and Well Being Distribution of Benefits ??

  22. Summary • Rural/Agricultural Lands: What (Where?) are the Valued Attributes? • Who pays? Who gets Paid? WTP/WTA? • How Might Fiscal Efficiency be Addressed (Minimizing the Opportunity Cost of Development)? • Tradeoffs: Optimal Development v. Optimal Amenities

  23. Policy Implications • How are Amenities Incorporated into Private/Public Land Use Planning/Protection Efforts? VALUES • How Can Public/Private Sectors Partner To Avoid Duplication Effort/Funding? EFFICIENCY • Avoid Conflicts In Management? MINIMIZE TRANSACTIONS COSTS • Markets? Regulation? ALLOCATION • “True” Cost of Development/Land Conversion? (AG to Other Uses)

  24. QUESTIONS?

More Related