Adolescent Latinas in NYC have an increase of suicide rates than any other ethnic groups.

1. Adolescent Latinas in NYC have an increase of suicide rates than any other ethnic groups. By:Erika Martinez

2. WHO? WHAT? WHERE? WHEN? Why? • Adolescent Latinas • High suicide rates • In New York City • A little more than a decade ago this trend has increased. According to Center Disease Control “over a decade, surveys have reported that among ethnic and racial minority youth in the United States, Latinas have the highest rates of suicidal behavior compared to African American and non-Hispanic White adolescent females. • Suicidal Behavior in Latinas: Explanatory Cultural Factors and Implications for intervention researched that “ the unique situation of adolescent Latinas involves the convergence of cultural and familiar factors ( familism, acculturation, relatedness, autonomy,etc.) with the developmental, social, and individual factors frequently associated with suicidal behaviors.”

3. Sub topic # 1drug abuse • Statistics and research within Drug Abuse. • Why is drug abuse a factor of the increase of suicide rate within the Latina population in New York City? • The American Journal of Psychiatry Suicide Attempts Among Seropositive (means giving a positive result in a test of blood serum) Women in New York City. (November 01,1998) By JANE M. SIMONI, PH.D.; DAWN K. NERO, M.A.; BETH A. WEINBERG • “Sixty-six percent reported heavy crack or injection drug use at some point in their lives; 19% had used drugs in the last month. In response to two yes-or-no items, the women indicated if they had tried to end their own lives at any time before their HIV diagnosis and at any time since.” • “Results indicated that 26% of the total group had attempted suicide before their HIV diagnosis; 19% had done so since. Although 58% of those who attempted suicide after the diagnosis had attempted before as the rest, who first attempted suicide some time after their diagnosis” • “Heavy, acute alcohol use has been associated with suicidal ideation among college students (Stephenson et al., 2006). Preliminary evidence further suggests the relationship between binge drinking and suicidal ideation may be moderated by ethnicity and that Latino college students are among those individuals for whom the positive relationship between binge drinking and suicidal behavior holds (Schaffer, Jeglic, & Stanley, 2008.)” • Chesin, M.S., and Jeglic.,(2012).Suicidal Behavior Among Latina College Students Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences 431.DOI: 10.1177/0739986312445271\ • Reasons • Assimilating to the American culture. • Stress, depression, and other mental health issues. • Family issues, abusive relationships, ( social life ) • Peer pressure, social acceptance.

4. Sub topic #2 Bullying • “Bullying rates are higher than previous studies have found for victimization at school (23%), cyber victimization (26%), school bully (18%), and cyber bully (18%). Rates for depressive symptoms (49%), suicide ideation (23%), suicide plan (17%), and suicide attempt(s; 13%) are higher than national averages.” Romero, A.J., Wiggs, C.B., Valencia, C., and Bauman, S. (2013). Latina Teen Suicide and Bullying Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences 1-15. DOI: 10.1177/0739986312474237 • “Some research has found that girls who are involved in any kind of bullying, either as bullies, victims, or bullies/ victims, have significantly higher risks for suicide ideation and suicidal behavior than students not involved in bullying behaviors (Kim, Koh, & Levanthal, 2005).”

5. Bullying Stats “Yet, other research suggests that girls who are victims of bullying are more likely to exhibit suicidal behaviors and completed suicides compared to those who are neither bullies nor victims (Klomek, Sourander, Niemela, et. al., 2009).”Romero, A.J., Wiggs, C.B., Valencia, C., and Bauman, S. (2013). Latina Teen Suicide and Bullying Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences 1-15. DOI: 10.1177/0739986312474237