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Grade 7 Science

Melanie Giambattista. Grade 7 Science . Earth and Space Science: Earth’s Crust and resources (EC). Lesson 10a . Soil and Plant Growth. Fertile soil is one of the world’s most valuable resources Soil that can support the growth of crops has been in limited supply

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Grade 7 Science

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  1. Melanie Giambattista Grade 7 Science Earth and Space Science: Earth’s Crust and resources (EC)

  2. Lesson 10a

  3. Soil and Plant Growth • Fertile soil is one of the world’s most valuable resources • Soil that can support the growth of crops has been in limited supply • In Canada, less than 1% of the total land area is prime agricultural land.

  4. So, what makes good soil? • Humus-decaying plant and animal materials in humus give soil its dark color and supplies plants with most of the nutrients and minerals needed for growth • What kind of texture? • Damp and sticky • Do you think black or brown soil has more humus in it than grey? • Correct!

  5. Why does each soil type have a different texture? • Made up of particles of different texture • Between soil particles are spaces. These spaces are important because that is where the other ingredients of good soil can be found – water and air • Good farming contains roughly half particles and half spaces

  6. Sand Particles • What do you know? • Large so, the spaces are also large • These large spaces allow the tiny roots of plants to grown down through the soil more easily • They also allow the water to drain away quickly. This leaves the plants with what? • NO WATER!

  7. Clay Particles • What do you know? • Spaces are very small • What does this mean? • Holds water much better than sand • But packed together tightly – prevents water from entering into the soil easily • Makes it difficult for plant roots to grow • Less air available

  8. Silt Particles • What do you know? • The size is in between sand and clay • Holds water better than sand and allows plant roots to grow better than clay • However, it is still best to have a soil with an even balance of the three

  9. Farming and the Soil • Do you think farming has an effect on the environment? • Yes, the way we grow food can change the soil, increase the chance that it will be eroded, and add chemicals to the environment

  10. What effects the environment? • Examples: • Heavy machinery • Ploughing

  11. Your job: • Design an erosion proof field

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