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Plasma Display Panel

Plasma Display Panel. David Phantana-angkool Chris Rodgers. http://www.unitedvisual.com/eos/Product.asp?dept_id=7&product_id=5612. Overview. Definitions Questions History of Alternating Current Plasma Display Panel (AC PDP) Disadvantages of other display units Overview of PDP Pixel

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Plasma Display Panel

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  1. Plasma Display Panel David Phantana-angkool Chris Rodgers http://www.unitedvisual.com/eos/Product.asp?dept_id=7&product_id=5612

  2. Overview • Definitions • Questions • History of Alternating Current Plasma Display Panel (AC PDP) • Disadvantages of other display units • Overview of PDP Pixel • Current Problems • Improving PDP performance • Answers • Summary

  3. Questions • What is the single-most detractor to color purity in a modern AC PDP? • What material is used to create the protective films for AC PDPs?

  4. Definitions • Luminance - intensity of light per unit area • Luminous efficiency - the ratio of the total luminous flux to the total radiant flux of an emitting source http://www.bartleby.com

  5. History of the PDP 1963 – Donald Blitzer’s PLATO • University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign • Computer-based Teaching • Sustained Display required for graphics • Proposals to replace CRT dropped http://www.ece.uiuc.edu/alumni/w02-03/plasma_history.html

  6. July 1964 4 x 4 pixel plasma display Graduate student Brij Arora Blue hue caused by nitrogen leak 1967 Pure neon 16 x 16 matrix History of the PDP http://www.ece.uiuc.edu/pubs/plasma/plasma2.html

  7. History of the PDP http://www.ece.uiuc.edu/pubs/plasma/plasma2.html

  8. History of the PDP Military Roots • 1982 – Plasmascope Display to control ground-launched missiles • Very large displays • Hardened to withstand nuclear attacks • Fewer ElectroMagnetic Interference/Compatibility (EMI) problems Photonics Systems and Electro Plasma Corporation • Founded by Donald Wedding of Univ. of Illinois in 1978 • Its PDPs used for over one hundred military applications • Other customers included Rockwell, Raytheon, General Dynamics and Boeing http://www.theclockmag.com/september/sept_oct_plasma_battles.htm

  9. History of the PDP • 1980s – Only monochrome products were marketed • 1993 – First high color plasma display marketed by Fujitsu http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gci214631,00.htmlhttp://www.physics.northwestern.edu/classes/2003Spring/Phyx335/12

  10. Disadvantages of other selections CRTs • Require vacuum and fixed distance between gun and screen resulting in curved screens • Affected by earth’s magnetic field • Larger screen means deeper screen • Phosphor burns LCDs • Require backlight • Poor visibility from angles • Fragile Projection • Relies on optics and geometry, easily distorted • Larger means dimmer • Expensive parts • Requires light http://www.drwedding.com/ppt/flex.ppt

  11. AC PDP Light Emissions • Color images emitted based on combination of red, green, and blue • Vacuum ultraviolet stimulates RGB phosphors, creating visible light • Orange light is also created by neon discharge during Ne-Xe plasma reaction • Color purity is deteriorated by orange light H. Tae, B. Cho, K. Cho, S. Chien, “New Color-Enhancing Discharge Mode Using Self-Erasing Discharge in AC Plasma Display Panel,” IEEE Plasma Science, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 256-263, April 2003.

  12. AC PDP Electrode Structure K. Lee, C. Chen, and S. Lo, “Resonant Pole Inverter to Drive the Data Electrodes of AC Plasma Display Panel,” IEEE Trans. Industrial Electronics, Vol. 50, No. 3, pp. 554-559, June 2003.

  13. Inside the AC PDP pixel • Sustain Discharge area • Excited Atoms radiate ultraviolet light • Visible light is emitted through the absorption of ultraviolet light in the phosphors Chen, Chern-Lin, and Shin-Tai Lo. "Improving Luminous Efficiency of AC-Type Plasma Display Panels by Adjusting the State of Sustaining Discharges in the Sustaining Period ." IEEE Transaction on Plasma Science 30 (2002): 428-436

  14. RGB Video http://www.plasmaco.com/LarryPaper/ColorPDPPixel.mov http://www.plasmaco.com/LarryPaper/ColorPDPPixel.mov

  15. AC PDP Driving Scheme K. Lee, C. Chen, and S. Lo, “Resonant Pole Inverter to Drive the Data Electrodes of AC Plasma Display Panel,” IEEE Trans. Industrial Electronics, Vol. 50, No. 3, pp. 554-559, June 2003.

  16. http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~sequin/CS184/IMGS/PlasmaDisplay.JPGhttp://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~sequin/CS184/IMGS/PlasmaDisplay.JPG

  17. Magnesium Oxide Layer MgO Thin Films used as protective layer in AC PDP applications • High thermal/chemical stability • Low optical loss • High thermal conductance • Good Electrical Insulating Properties • Low erosion rate in plasma applications • High coefficient of secondary electron emission Importance • Protects dielectric layer • Helps maintain low breakdown voltage Hyun Suk Jung, Jung-Kun Lee, Kug Sun Hong, and Hyuk-Joon Youn, “Ion-induced secondary electron emission behavior of sol–gel-derived MgO thin films used for protective layers in alternating current plasma display panels,” Journal of Applied Physics. Vol. 92, No. 5, pp. 2855-2860, September, 2002 http://cpat.ups-tlse.fr/operations/operation_03/ARTICLES/icpig.pdf

  18. Problems with Plasma Display Panel • Poor color purity • Low contrast • Current PDPs utilize about .5% of power Beouf, J.P., et. Al. “Calculated characteristics of radio-frequency plasma display panel cells including the influence of xenon metastables.” Journal of Applied Physics 92 (2002): 6990-7010.

  19. Current Problems with PDP • Low luminous efficiency 1.5 lm/W • Phosphor conversion = 25% • Low efficiency for conversion of electrical energy to excitation energy Boeuf, J.P., et al. "Calculated characteristics of radio-frequency plasma display panel cells including the influence of xenon metastables ." Journal of Applied Physics 92 (2002): 6990-7010.

  20. Typical Alternating Current Plasma Display Panel • 2% of power is used to produce vacuum ultra violet (VUV) • 90% of the VUV energy is lost when visible light is emitted • 58% of electrical energy is lost in heating • 27% energy loss due to electron ionization and excitation of neon Boeuf, J.P., et al. "Calculated characteristics of radio-frequency plasma display panel cells including the influence of xenon metastables ." Journal of Applied Physics 92 (2002): 6990-7010.

  21. Improving PDP • Improving Luminous Efficiency • New drive scheme for Applying Auxiliary pulses to the address node • Optimizing the Pixel Cell Geometry • Improving the Image Quality • Neodymium-containing transparent dielectrics (NCTD) • Self-Erasing Discharge

  22. Interesting Fact about xenon in PDP • Only 15% of energy is used to excite xenon • 70% of the energy deposit in the Xenon system results in generation of UV photons. Boeuf, J.P., et al. "Calculated characteristics of radio-frequency plasma display panel cells including the influence of xenon metastables ." Journal of Applied Physics 92 (2002): 6990-7010.

  23. Applying Pulses to the Address Node • Pulses of 100V and 250 kHz were applied to the address node during the sustain period • Improve Luminous Efficiency by 14% • Higher Luminance in the sustain voltage Adding pulses to the address node Cho, Hyoung J., and Kyung Cheol Choi. "Improved Luminance and Luminous Efficiency of AC Plasma Display Panel." IEEE Transaction on Consumer Electronics 49 (2003): 252-256.

  24. Applying Pulses to the Address Node 100V pulses applied to the address node No pulse applied to the address node Cho, Hyoung J., and Kyung Cheol Choi. "Improved Luminance and Luminous Efficiency of AC Plasma Display Panel." IEEE Transaction on Consumer Electronics 49 (2003): 252-256.

  25. Improving the Color Purity of PDP • Benefits of using Neodymium (Nd2O3) in Transparent dielectric film (NCTD) • Good color filter characteristics for a PDP • Improving the color absorption at 580 nm (orange light) • Increase in the color temperature of white emission raise from 6819K to 7554K. Kim, H.S., D.K. Lee, and S.H. Sohn. "Optical properties of the neodymium-containing transparent dielectrics for plasma display panel .“ Applied Physics Letters 81 (2002): 3179-3182.

  26. Self-Erasing Discharge • Improves luminance and color purity by minimizing neon emission while strengthening VUV • Self-erasing discharge produced through ramped-square sustain pulse Traditional Pulses Ramped Sustain Pulse H. Tae, B. Cho, K. Cho, S. Chien, “New Color-Enhancing Discharge Mode Using Self-Erasing Discharge in AC Plasma Display Panel,” IEEE Plasma Science, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 256-263, April 2003.

  27. Self-Erasing Discharge Traditional Discharge Self-Erasing Discharge H. Tae, B. Cho, K. Cho, S. Chien, “New Color-Enhancing Discharge Mode Using Self-Erasing Discharge in AC Plasma Display Panel,” IEEE Plasma Science, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 256-263, April 2003.

  28. Self-Erasing Discharge Results 4-inch test panel • Ramped square wave produced 36.6% higher luminance at 100 kHz • Required no additional power consumption • Ramped square wave produced 48.7% higher luminous efficiency at 100 kHz • Blue and green purity improved, expanding color gamut by 5.4% at 150 kHz H. Tae, B. Cho, K. Cho, S. Chien, “New Color-Enhancing Discharge Mode Using Self-Erasing Discharge in AC Plasma Display Panel,” IEEE Plasma Science, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 256-263, April 2003.

  29. Cell Pitch Cell pitch – distance between centers of two adjacent rib barriers Woo Joo Chung, Jeong Hyun Seo, Dong-Cheol Jeong, and Ki-Woong Whang, “Three-Dimensional Modeling of a Surface Type Alternating Current Plasma Display Panel Cell: The Effect of Cell Geometry on the Discharge Characteristics,” IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science. Vol. 31, No. 5, pp 1023-1031, October, 2003.

  30. Barrier Rib Height Barrier Rib Height – distance between rear and front panel, determines discharge volume Woo Joo Chung, Jeong Hyun Seo, Dong-Cheol Jeong, and Ki-Woong Whang, “Three-Dimensional Modeling of a Surface Type Alternating Current Plasma Display Panel Cell: The Effect of Cell Geometry on the Discharge Characteristics,” IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science. Vol. 31, No. 5, pp 1023-1031, October, 2003.

  31. Answers to Questions What is the single-most detractor to color purity in a modern AC PDP? Orange Neon emission What material is used to create the protective films for AC PDPs? Magnesium Oxide

  32. Summary AC PDP has grown from original roots to the commercial marketplace Problems with color purity and luminance due to neon emissions and other factors continue to be researched Several improvements have been addressed that will help assure PDPs claim a strong stake in future television sales http://akamaipix.crutchfield.com/products/2003/700/x700HPN5039-f_MT.jpeg

  33. Questions

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