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Video Tools and Techniques for Educators (Rev. 8): (Including edTPA Video Preparation)

Video Tools and Techniques for Educators (Rev. 8): (Including edTPA Video Preparation). Warning #1.

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Video Tools and Techniques for Educators (Rev. 8): (Including edTPA Video Preparation)

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  1. Video Tools and Techniques for Educators (Rev. 8): (Including edTPA Video Preparation)

  2. Warning #1 Before you start editing your videos, (1) make copies of all your clips, (2) put the original “masters” in a safe place, and (3) only edit the copies (and never the originals). Then, even if a mistake or accident does occur, your original videos will still be safe.

  3. Warning #2 Each video clip you upload to the edTPA video web site should cover a continuous span of time with absolutely no breaks or insertions anywhere in the video.

  4. Warning #3 Be sure to check your work both while you are editing your video(s) and after you have uploaded them to the edTPA video web site. For your particular program of study, check to make sure (1) you have the correct number of clips, (2) your clip(s) are the right length, (3) your clip(s) contain the proper content, (4) your clip(s) are in one of the allowable file formats, (5) the size of each clip does not exceed 300MB, and (6) your clip(s) can be properly viewed on both the PC and Mac platforms.

  5. Warning #4 In order to preserve the anonymity of individuals who do not have permission to be in your video(s), (1) seat them in locations where they cannot accidentally be photographed by the camera and (2) take the necessary steps to ensure they cannot be identified through other means (such as verbal interactions or writing on nametags, placards, assignments, etc.).

  6. Things to Check Before YouShoot Your Video(s) Before recording your lesson(s), make a short test recording. Then, play it back to make sure everything is working/set up properly.

  7. Is the camera battery is sufficiently charged to record for the duration of the lesson(s)?

  8. Is there sufficient tape/disc space/memory to record the lesson(s)? 8

  9. Does the camera have adequate mechanical support to avoid annoying hand-held shake? (Please use a tripod, if possible.) 9

  10. Is the camera oriented properly (i.e., landscape vs portrait mode)? 10

  11. If you plan to shoot your videos with a smartphone or tablet, be sure to shoot in landscape (rather than portrait) mode to avoid problems with incorrect orientation when the clips are uploaded to the web and viewed by others. Those who use an iPad, iPod, or iPhone to shoot their videos should hold the device so that the Home button is on the right and the Up/Down Volume buttons are facing downward.

  12. zoom Is the camera zoomed in/out sufficiently to place all important subjects in the frame (and hide those individuals who do not have permission to be in the video(s))?

  13. Are all subjects properly illuminated (neither too dark nor too light)? 13

  14. Is the teacher’s voice (as well as the voices of his/her students) loud/clear enough to be readily heard against the background of normal environmental sounds? 14

  15. Video Editing Software “Shotcut” is the program we will be using to edit our videos. It is a powerful, yet easy-to-use, tool that is capable of opening, displaying, editing, converting, and compressing an extremely wide array of different video file formats. This free program is being actively developed, and is available for the Windows, Mac, and Linux platforms.

  16. Where to obtain Shotcut for useon your own computer • Please go to the following URL:https://www.shotcut.org/. • Click on the link entitled “DOWNLOAD” at the very top of the page. • Look under the “Current Version” heading on the page that now appears and click on the appropriate download link for your particular operating system. • After you have downloaded the Shotcut installer to your computer, run it to install the program on your machine.

  17. Everything we see on a computer (or TV) screen is composed of tiny picture elements called “pixels.”

  18. Whether we’re talking about text or (still or moving) images, they are all comprised of a pattern of pixels (that vary in both color and intensity). 18

  19. Color depth=2:(a.k.a. “1 bit color”) (0 to 1) Green & White Amber & White Black & White

  20. Color depth=16:(a.k.a. “4 bit color”) (0000 to 1111)

  21. Color depth=64:(a.k.a. “6 bit color”) (000000 to 111111)

  22. Color depth=256:(a.k.a. 8 bit color”) (00000000 to 11111111)

  23. Color depth= 16,777,216:(a.k.a. “24 bit color”)(000000000000000000000000 to 111111111111111111111111) Even if each pixel in this image represented a different color, the total number of pixels would still equal only a small portion of all 16,777,216 colors that are available.

  24. Comparing image quality fordifferent color depths 1 bit color—(where each pixel can have 1 of 2 possible colors) 4 bit color—(where each pixel can have 1 of 16 possible colors) 24 bit color—(where each pixel can have 1 of 16,777,216 possible colors)

  25. “Resolution” tells us how wide and how tall an image is. It can be expressed as follows:Resolution = Width (in pixels) X Height (in pixels) Normally, when expressing resolution, the width and height are not actually multiplied together. Instead, both the width and height are expressed (e.g., 320X240, 640X480, 1920X1080, etc.). However, if we were to actually multiply the width by the height, we would get the total number of pixels in the image.

  26. This (magnified) image is 40 pixels wide and 30 pixels tall. We say its resolution is 40x30. (Since 40 X 30 = 1,200, that’s how many pixels are in the image.) 30 pixels tall 40 pixels wide

  27. Comparing the relative resolutionsof common video sources VCD--(Resolution=352X240) DVD and older Mini DV camcorders--(Resolution=720X480) iPad 2/iPhone 4/iPod Touch 4 and Flip UltraHD/Flip MinoHD video camera--(Resolution=1280X720) Flip Video F260B digital camcorder--(Resolution=640X480) Blu-Ray--(Resolution=1920X1080) 4K Video--(Resolution=3840X2160)

  28. “Aspect ratio” is the ratio between the width of an imange and its height. It can be expressed as follows:Aspect ratio = Width (in pixels) ÷ Height (in pixels) Since most computer images are wider than they are tall, aspect ratios greater than 1 are quite common. Aspect ratio may either be expressed as a fraction (e.g., 4/3, 16/9, etc.) or as a ratio of a two decimal numbers (e.g., 1.33:1, 1.78:1, 16:9, etc.).

  29. This (magnified) image is 40 pixels wide and 30 pixels tall. We can express its aspect ratio as 40/30 (usually reduced to 4/3) or 1.33:1 (or simply 1.33). 30 pixels tall 40 pixels wide

  30. Differing appearance of aspectratios that are <1, =1, and >1 Aspect Radio <1 Aspect Radio =1 Aspect Radio >1 1 For videos shot in “portrait” mode, the width is less than the height. For square videos, the width is equal to the height. For videos shot in “landscape” mode, the width is greater than the height.

  31. Comparing different aspect ratios Frame from a classic TV show from the 1960s Aspect ratio=1.33:1 (or 4:3) Frame from a modern motion picture from 2009 Aspect ratio=2.40:1

  32. In both traditional (film) motion pictures and modern video, a sequence of still images is presented to the eye in rapid succession in order to produce the illusion Of motion.

  33. Shown below are 16 still photographs of a running bison that were taken over the span of 1 second.

  34. when these same 16 “frames” are played back at the same rate they were taken, we have a video with a “frame rate” of 16fps (frames per second).

  35. Shotcut uses the followingtimecode notation: 00:00:00:00 Hours Minutes Seconds Frames

  36. C O L O R D E P T H R E S O L U T I O N F R A M E R A T E The higher the quality of video in a video file, the larger its file size will be. Video Quality File Size

  37. Some video file formats employ “compression” to reduce file size while still maintaining high playback quality. Original Video File Compressed File

  38. ”Lossy compression” offers a substantial reductionin file size, with some loss of information. Original Video File Lossy Video Compression Video Decompression Decompressed Video File Compressed File

  39. Using a pair of tweezers to judiciously remove tiny bits and pieces of a sponge in a way that won’t be noticed is analogous to lossy compression. What remains is similar--(but not identical)—to the original sponge. 39

  40. The End B. F. (8/23/17) Thanks to Wikipedia; Wikimedia Commons; Google Images; and Microsoft Clip Art, Photos, and Animations for providing many of the images used in this PowerPoint. Also, thanks to the Moving Image Archive at Archive.org for providing most of the videos used in this presentation, as well as all of the clips that serve as “raw material” for the hands-on editing exercises that follow.

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