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Unit 12: Abnormal Behavior

Unit 12: Abnormal Behavior. Unit 12 - Overview. Introduction to Psychological Disorders Anxiety Disorders, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorders Mood Disorders Schizophrenia Other Disorders.

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Unit 12: Abnormal Behavior

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  1. Unit 12:Abnormal Behavior

  2. Unit 12 - Overview • Introduction to Psychological Disorders • Anxiety Disorders, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorders • Mood Disorders • Schizophrenia • Other Disorders Click on the any of the above hyperlinks to go to that section in the presentation.

  3. Module 65:Introduction to Psychological Disorders

  4. Introduction • How should we define psychological disorders? • How should we understand disorders? • How should we classify psychological disorders?

  5. Defining Psychological Disorders

  6. Defining Psychological Disorders • Psychological disorders • Disturbed behavior • Dysfunctional behavior • Maladaptive behavior • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

  7. Understanding Psychological Disorders

  8. Understanding Psychological DisordersThe Medical Model • Philippe Pinel • Medical model • Mental illness (psychopathology)

  9. Understanding Psychological DisordersThe Biopsychosocial Approach • Interaction of nature and nurture • Influence of culture on disorders

  10. Classifying Psychological Disorders

  11. Classifying Psychological Disorders • Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) • DSM-5 • Diagnostic labels • Criticisms of the DSM

  12. Labeling Psychological Disorders

  13. Labeling Psychological Disorders • Rosenhan’s study • Power of labels • Preconception can stigmatize • Stereotypes of the mentally ill • Insanity

  14. Rates of Psychological Disorders

  15. Rates of Psychological Disorders

  16. Module 66:Anxiety Disorders, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

  17. Anxiety Disorders • Anxiety disorder • Generalized anxiety disorder • Panic disorders • Phobias

  18. Generalized Anxiety Disorder

  19. Generalized Anxiety Disorder • Generalized anxiety disorder • 2/3 women • Continual worry, jittery, agitated and sleep deprived • Free floating anxiety

  20. Panic Disorder

  21. Panic Disorder • Panic disorder • Panic attacks

  22. Phobias

  23. Specific Phobia • Phobias • Specific phobia • Social anxiety disorder • Agoraphobia

  24. Phobias

  25. Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

  26. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder • Obsessive-compulsive disorder • An obsession versus a compulsion • Checkers • Hand washers

  27. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

  28. Trauma Stressor and Related Disorders

  29. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder • Post-traumatic stress disorder • PTSD • “shellshock” or “battle fatigue” • Not just due to a war situation • Post-traumatic growth

  30. Understanding Anxiety Disorders, OCD and PTSD

  31. Understanding Anxiety Disorders, OCD and PTSDThe Learning Perspective • Classical and operant conditioning • Stimulus generalization • Reinforcement • Observational learning • Cognition

  32. Understanding Anxiety Disorders, OCD and PTSDThe Biological Perspective • Natural selection • Genes • Anxiety gene • Glutamate • The Brain • Anterior cingulate cortex

  33. Module 67:Depressive and Bipolar Disorders

  34. Depressive Disorders

  35. Major Depressive Disorder • Major depressive disorder • Problems regulating appetite • Problems regulating sleep • Low energy • Low self-esteem • Difficulty concentrating and making decisions • Feelings of hopelessness • Persistent depressive disorder

  36. Bipolar and Related Disorders

  37. Bipolar Disorder • Bipolar Disorder • Mania (manic) • Overtalkative, overactive, elated, little need for sleep, etc. • Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder • Bipolar disorder and creativity

  38. Understanding Depressive and Bipolar Disorders

  39. Understanding Depressive and Bipolar Disorders • Many behavioral and cognitive changes accompany depression • Depression is widespread • Women’s risk of major depression is nearly double men’s • Most major depressive episodes self-terminate • Stressful events related to work, marriage and close relationships often proceed depression • With each new generation, depression is striking earlier and affecting more people

  40. Understanding Depressive and Bipolar Disorders

  41. Understanding Depressive and Bipolar DisordersThe Biological Perspective • Genetic Influences • Mood disorders run in families • Heritability • Linkage analysis • The depressed brain • Biochemical influences • Norepinephrine and serotonin

  42. Understanding Depressive and Bipolar DisordersThe Biological Perspective

  43. Understanding Depressive and Bipolar DisordersThe Social-Cognitive Perspective • Negative Thoughts and Moods Interact • Self-defeating beliefs • Learned helplessness • Rumination • Explanatory style • Stable, global, internal explanations • Cause versus indictor of depression?

  44. Understanding Depressive and Bipolar DisordersThe Social-Cognitive Perspective: Depression’s Vicious Cycle

  45. Module 68:Schizophrenia Spectrum

  46. Symptoms of Schizophrenia

  47. Symptoms of Schizophrenia • Schizophrenia (split mind) • Not multiple personalities • Psychosis (psychotic disorder)

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