The next step to modernity:

1. The next step to modernity: Nationalism

2. What made a society modern? • Rational thinking inspired by • Scientific Revolution • Enlightenment • Constitutional government that • Protects natural rights • Maintains stability • Supports expansion of business • Industrialized economy

3. What happened if…one couldn’t accomplish this goal? orthis goal brought more problems?

4. Frustration! • Cold/rationale thinking only worked for some • Problems continued for all • Whether remained agricultural or became industrial • Social tension • Desire for more democratic gov’t • People looked back to a time when things seemed better - nostalgic • Led to a countermovement – ROMANTICISM – but what’s that?

5. Famous Romantic Poem Lord Byron [1788-1824] 1. She walks in beauty, like the night Of cloudless climes, and starry skies; And all that’s best of dark and bright Meet in her aspect and her eyes: Thus mellowed to that tender light Which heaven to gaudy day denies.

7. Romanticism =“Reasoned sentimentality” Motivated by emotion Thinking with mind & HEART

8. Romantic solution for the frustrated… • The next step to modern: nationalism • Construction of “imagined communities” aka NATIONS • Defined….

14. Nationalism defined The map of Europe will be redrawn. The countries of the Peoples, defined by the vote of free men, will arise upon the ruin of the countries of kings and privileged [classes] and between these countries harmony and fraternity will exist…

15. …fortified by the power and the affection of many millions, all speaking the same language, gifted with the same tendencies, and educated by the same historical tradition, hope, even by your own single effort, to be able to benefit all Humanity… Giuseppe Mazzini, founder of Young Italy

16. Continue the investigation on your own!