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LIFE PROCESSES

Explore how organisms obtain and process food, generate energy, transport materials, conduct cellular respiration, synthesize complex substances, regulate activities, excrete waste, grow, reproduce, and maintain metabolism. Understand fundamental biological functions and requirements for survival and adaptation.

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LIFE PROCESSES

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  1. LIFEPROCESSES

  2. NUTRITION • How an organism obtains and processes food • The food is then used to make energy • Ingest-take food in • Digest-break down food • Egest-get rid of undigested material • Autotrophic Nutrition • Organism makes its own food • Ex. A plant, carrying out photosynthesis • Heterotrophic Nutrition • Organism is a consumer and “eats” other organisms • Ex. All animals, fungi, amoeba and paramecium

  3. TRANSPORT • Absorption (materials are taken in) and circulation (materials move around) of materials within an organism • Can be inside a cell or inside the body • Materials such as • Oxygen • Water • Carbon Dioxide • Food

  4. CELLULAR RESPIRATION • Chemical process by which an organism obtains ENERGY (ATP) from food • Aerobic Respiration • Uses oxygen to release energy from food • Anaerobic Respiration • Does NOT use oxygen to release energy from food

  5. SYNTHESIS • Chemically combining simple substances to form a more complex substance. • Ex. Simple sugars bond to form complex sugars.

  6. REGULATION • Control and coordination of activities in the body. • The Brain • The Nervous System and Endocrine Systems help maintain

  7. EXCRETION • Getting rid of metabolic wastes • Ex. Carbon dioxide, excess salts and water

  8. GROWTH & REPRODUCTION • Growth • To increase in cell size or number of cells

  9. Reproduction • Making new organisms • Asexually: 1 “parent” • Ex. Single celled organisms • Sexually: 2 “parents” • Ex. Mammals, flowering plants IMPORTANT NOTE: A single organism DOES NOT have to reproduce to survive!

  10. METABOLISM • All of the chemical reactions in an organism that help to maintain homeostasis.

  11. ALL LIVING THINGS: • Are made of cells • Evolve • Require ENERGY • Require water • Maintain homeostasis in a changing environment • React and Respond to changes in the environment • Get rid of metabolic wastes • Interact with the environment and with other organisms

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