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AP Art History’s Greatest Hits: Part Two. Mannerism. Madonna With the Long Neck by Parmigianino 1535 Characteristics: Small oval head, long slender neck, long fingers Exaggeration Contains religious meaning. Late Gothic. Arnolfini and His Bride by Jan Van Eyck 1434 Characteristics:
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Mannerism • Madonna With the Long Neck by Parmigianino • 1535 • Characteristics: • Small oval head, long slender neck, long fingers • Exaggeration • Contains religious meaning
Late Gothic • Arnolfini and His Bride by Jan Van Eyck • 1434 • Characteristics: • Almost every object portrayed sanctity • Symbolism • Purpose: Record and sanctify marriage • Dog: Fidelity, Shoe: Holy Ground
Northern Renaissance • Knight, Death, and Devil by Albrecht Durer • 1513 • Characteristics: • Knight = Christian • Display strength, movement, and proportions of Renn equestrian statue • Employed lines to evoke
Baroque in Italy • Calling of Saint Matthew by Caravaggio • 1597-1601 • Characteristics • Jesus’ arm reminiscent of Michelangelo • Piercing ray of light • Realist and dramatic
Baroque in Spain • Las Meninas by Velázquez • 1656 • Characteristics: • Painter represented himself • Visual and narrative complexity • Represented form and shadow • Tonal graduations: dark to light
Baroque in Flanders/Holland • The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Tulp by Rembrandt Van Rijn • 1632 • Characteristics: • Evenly placed subjects • Corpse: Diagonally placed and foreshortened • Student poses and expressions show personality
Baroque in France/England • Burial of Phocion by Poussin • 1648 • Characteristics: • Figures: Solitary relief • Light: Even and revealing • Landscape is nature subordinated to a rational plan
Rococo • The Swing by Frangonard • 1766 • Characteristics: • “Intrigue” picture • Landscape setting is out of Watteau • Glowing pastel colors and soft light • Convey the scene’s sensuality
Later China • Dwelling in the Fu Chun Mountains by Gongwang • 1347-1350 • Characteristics: • Richly layered with brush strokes a • At times interweaving dry brush strokes and at other times placing dry strokes over wet ones
Later Japan • Cuckoo Flying Over New Verdure by Yosa Busan • Late 18th Century • Characteristics: • Fully Mature Style • Chinese and Japanese literati style by rounding the landscape forms
Later Oceania • Bisj Poles • Early to Mid 20th Century • Characteristics: • Served as a pledge to avenge a relative’s death • Head-hunting raid • Decorated with figures of individuals who have already died
Later North America • Kachina Figurine by Otto Pentewa • 1959 • Characteristics: • Rain bringing deity who wears a mask painted in geometric patterns symbolic of water and agriculture fertility
Later Mesoamerica • Illuminated page from Borgia Codex • 1400-1500 • Characteristics: • Two vividly gesticulating gods • Ritual subjects • God of life = black Quetzalcoatl
Later South America • Machu Piechu • 15th Century • Characteristics: • One of the world’s most awe-inspiring sights • Inka City
Later Africa • Mbulu-nbulu Reliquary Guardian Figure • 19th Century or Early 20th Century • Characteristic: • Severely stylized body said to have repelled evil • Heads simplified • Geometric ridges borders
Neoclassicism • Oath of the Horatii by David • 1784 • Characteristics: • Conflicts between heart and patriotism • Statuesque figures- men: Rigid, Angular
Romanticism (Spanish) • The Third of May 1808 by Goya • 1808 • Characteristics: • Encouraged empathy of the Spanish by portraying horrified expressions and enhanced drama through stark use of darks and lights
Romanticism • Raft of the Medusa by Gericault • 1818-1819 • Characteristics: • Actual historical event • Subdued palette and prominent shadow lend ominous pall to the scene • Emotionally charged • Comments on slavery Apathy
Realism • Le Dejeuner Sur L’Herbe by Manet • 1863 • Characteristics: • Figures in soft focus • Broadly painted the landscape • Black is a prominent color • Allusions to many paintings of genres
Impressionism • Ballet Rehearsal by Degas • 1874 • Characteristics: • Figures randomly placed, not centered • Degas was interested in reproducing single moments
Post Impressionism • Starry Night by Van Gough • 1889 • Characteristics: • Communicated the vastness of the universe • Uses color to express himself • With the turbulent brush strokes, the color suggests a quiet but persuasive depiction
Symbolism • The Cry (Scream) by Munch • 1893 • Characteristics: • Grounded in the real world • Departs significantly from a visual reality
Art Nouveau • Casa Milá by Gaudi • 1907 • Characteristics: • Free-form mass • Organic lines not geometric
Fauvism • Red Room by Matisse • 1908-1909 • Characteristics: • Color = Warmth • Colors contrast richly and intensely • Depicts objects in simplified and schematized fashion and flattening out form
German Expressionism • Fate of the Animals by Marc • 1913 • Characteristics: • Entire scene is distorted- Shattered into fragments • Colors of severity and brutality of war’s anguish and tragedy
Dada • Unique Forms of Continuity in Space by Boccioni • 1913 • Characteristics: • Formal and spatial effects on motion • Figure is expanded, interruption, and broken in plane and contour
Precisionism or Regionalism • My Egypt by Charles Demuth • 1927 • Characteristics: • Grain elevators which he reduced to simple geometric forms • Fragmented
Futurism • Cut With the Kitchen Knife Dada Through the Last Weimer by Hoch • 1919-1920 • Characteristics: • Juxtaposed the head of German military leaders with exotic dancers • Aware of the power that women and Dada had on society
Cubism • Still Life With Chair- Canning by Picasso • 1912 • Characteristics: • Chair seems real • Painted and abstract areas don’t refer to tangible objects of the real world
Fantasy and Surrealism • The Persistence of Memory by Dali • 1931 • Characteristics: • Allegory of empty space: Where time has ended • Attempt to make it convincingly real
American Realism • Haymarket by John Sloan • 1907 • Characteristics: • Ashcan school painters injected realism into American art by taking ordinary people as their subjects.
Abstract Expressionism • No. 1 by Pollack • 1950 • Characteristics: • Abandoned the paintbrush altogether sloshing, pouring, and dripping abandoned easel
Color Field • Blue, Orange, and Red by Rothko • 1961 • Characteristics: • Interested in the relation between one color and another • No evidence of brushstrokes
OP Art • Three Flags by Jasper Johns • 1958 • Characteristics: • One of the first to rebel against abstract Expressionism by returning recognizable imagery to art
Pop Art • 100 Cans of Campbell Soup by Andy Warhol • 1962 • Characteristics: • Brought art to the masses by making art into everyday life
Photo Realism • Fanny Finger Painting by Close • 1985 • Characteristics: • One moment it’s a spitting image of a person, the next it’s an animated pattern of spots
Neo Expressionism • To The Unknown Painter by Keifer • 1983 • Characteristics: • Thick, dark paint to represent earth • Evokes the horror of the holocaust
The Dinner Part by Judy Chicago • 1979 • Characteristics: • A feminist Last Supper • Intended to interest worship of the female • Triangle symbolizes both ‘woman’ and goddess • Invited: Georgia O’Keefe, Virginia Wolfe, Sacagawea, Susan B. Anthony Post Modernism