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Parts of Speech

Parts of Speech. How Words Function. Common Noun Person, place, or thing Inflect for case and number Function as subjects, objects and complements Proper noun The specific name of a person or place Determiner/Article Definite: the Indefinite: a, an. Parts of Speech. Verb

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Parts of Speech

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  1. Parts of Speech How Words Function

  2. Common Noun • Person, place, or thing • Inflect for case and number • Function as subjects, objects and complements Proper noun • The specific name of a person or place Determiner/Article • Definite: the • Indefinite: a, an Parts of Speech

  3. Verb • Action or state of being • Derivation or inflection • Marked for tense Adjective • Denotes properties/states Adverb • Describes an action, modifies adjective • Prototypically express time, manner and place Pronoun • Replaces a noun Parts of Speech cont.

  4. Preposition • Expresses spatial relation Conjunction • Connects phrases and clauses • Subordinators and coordinators Interjection • Shows emotion Parts of Speech cont.

  5. It was a Sunday morning at the most beautiful time in spring. In what word class does each word fit? Example Sentence 1

  6. It was a Sunday morning at the most beautiful time in spring. Determiners: a, the Nouns: it, morning, time, spring Verbs: was Prepositions: at, in Adverbs: beautiful Adjectives: most, Sunday Analysis of sample sentence

  7. Prepositions • As a closed class/function word, they can only be taken from a small set. These are always followed by a noun. This is the key factor in determining whether or not a lexeme is a preposition or an adverb. Verbs • There is only one lexeme that has been marked for tense i.e. past tense; to be + past tense = was. Adjectives • Whilst beautiful is an easily recognised adjective, Sunday, within the function of this sentence, is providing more detail about the subject of the morning. Thus, it is operating as an adjective. Explanation of the analysis

  8. Determiners • Closed class/function words; a, the. No new words can be added to these. Nouns • It is a noun because it is being used in the place of the subject. This is semantically empty though. Adverbs • most is working to modify beautiful (adj.). It is working to modify the degree to which the morning was ‘beautiful’. Explanation of the analysis

  9. They are always less suspicious of Alex. Example sentence 2

  10. Verb • are is marked for tense i.e. to be + past tense (plural) = are Adverbs • always works to indicate frequency, lessto indicate the comparative Adjective • Suspicious as an adjective because it denotes the properties of the subject Explanation of the analysis

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