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Presented by Ellen Hou Maham Hussain Elizabeth Hart Patricia Golesic Lystra Henry Leisha Hawker

Primary Prevention: Abolishment of Nuclear Weapons. Presented by Ellen Hou Maham Hussain Elizabeth Hart Patricia Golesic Lystra Henry Leisha Hawker. Humanity. The human base of nuclear weapon  what do they do for us?

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Presented by Ellen Hou Maham Hussain Elizabeth Hart Patricia Golesic Lystra Henry Leisha Hawker

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  1. Primary Prevention: Abolishment of Nuclear Weapons Presented by Ellen Hou Maham Hussain Elizabeth Hart Patricia Golesic Lystra Henry Leisha Hawker

  2. Humanity • The human base of nuclear weapon  what do they do for us? “By what right do they decide the fate of all humanity? … There can be no greater arrogance.” Javier Perez de Cuellar

  3. ½ of the world’s population today lives in nuclear states!

  4. Countries outside the Non-Proliferation Treaty These countries (India, Israel and Pakistan) have not signed the NPT but have secretly developed nuclear weapons. Official nuclear-weapon states Countries that have recently given up attempts to acquire nuclear weapons Several of the countries in this category had or were suspected of having an active nuclear weapon programme during the 1980's, but have recently given up all such activities, opening all their facilities for international inspection and entering into the Non-Proliferation Treaty. After the Soviet Union was disbanded, Belorussia, Kazakhstan and Ukraine joined the NPT and cooperated in transporting all the remaining nuclear weapons to Russia. Iraq gave up its nuclear weapons activities in the 1990's. Libya abandoned its nuclear technology program in 2003. Countries abstaining from nuclear weaponsThese industrial countries have the technology needed, but so far no wish, to develop nuclear weapons. A number of them have facilities under international inspection, since these could be used to produce nuclear material for military purposes. High-risk countriesNorth Korea and Iran are under strong suspicion of having tried to develop nuclear weapons during the past years.

  5. How do we get rid of NW if the most powerful states own them?

  6. Annual World AIDS funding = 3 days of military spending

  7. Psychic numbing in the public Hiroshima & Nagasaki only a historical abstract?

  8. According to NATO … • Nuclear weapons are “essential”

  9. Are we really nuclear free then? Guess who is also part of NATO?

  10. Canada’s Nuclear Reactor Exports

  11. The History of Nuclear Weapons A Brief Introduction to Hiroshima/Nagasaki and the Cold War http://www.kamoda.com/moblog/archives/003549.html

  12. Learn from the past… • This is our cry, This is our prayer. Peace in the world. - Inscription on the Children’s Monument in Hiroshima, where each day, hundreds of students come to pray http://rosella.apana.org.au/~mlb/cranes/peaceprk.htm

  13. Stats • August 6 and August 9, 1945 • 140,000-Hiroshima • 200,000 • 70,000-Nagasaki • 7,000 degrees F. • 980 miles/hr • 3.5 kg/square centimeter • 1/3 mile • 1 mile

  14. Energy Distribution http://www.csi.ad.jp/ABOMB/data.html

  15. Radiation Effects • 1/16 mile radius from the epicenter, most people died within a few hours • 0.5 mile radius, most died within 30 days of the explosion

  16. Sadako Sasaki • Two years old on August 6,1945 • Diagnosed with Leukemia “the atom bomb” disease • Died on October 25, 1955 at age 12 http://www.sadako.org/sadakostory.htm

  17. Children’s Monument • As human beings our greatness lies not so much in being able to remake the world-that is the myth of the ‘atomic age’- as in being able to remake ourselves. -Mahatma Gandhi http://rosella.apana.org.au/~mlb/cranes/peaceprk.htm

  18. The A-bomb Dome http://rosella.apana.org.au/~mlb/cranes/peaceprk.htm

  19. The Cold War • Relationship that developed between the US and the USSR after WWII (1945-1991) • Nuclear Arms Race • Proxy wars using client states ex. South Vietnam, rebel Afghans in 1979.

  20. Health Effects of Nuclear WeaponsThe Flash http://www.gensuikin.org/english/photo.html

  21. Health Effects of Nuclear WeaponsThe Blast http://www.gensuikin.org/english/photo.html

  22. Health Effects of Nuclear WeaponsThe Firestorm http://www.gensuikin.org/english/photo.html

  23. Health Effects of Nuclear WeaponsThe Fallout http://www.gensuikin.org/english/photo.html

  24. Noncancer Disease in Atomic Bomb Survivors • Mental retardation and decreased growth in those exposed in utero • Calculus of the kidney and ureter • Cardiovascular disease • Respiratory disease • Thyroid disease • Liver disease • Psychological Effects • Cataract http://www.gensuikin.org/english/photo.html

  25. “There can be no medical response to a nuclear attack. The only way to survive nuclear war is to prevent it.” -Dr. Katrina Hurley Physicians for Global Survival

  26. Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) Main Objectives: • Any State Party to the Treaty is prohibited from carrying out a nuclear weapon test explosion or any other nuclear explosion. • Any State Party to the Treaty must refrain from causing, encouraging, or in any way participating in the carrying out of any nuclear weapon test explosion or any other nuclear explosion.

  27. Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) History: • October 31, 1958 U.S, Britain and Soviet Union join in the Treaty in Geneva. • September 1996- CTBT being created at the United Nations by USA, Russia, China, the UK and France and signed by 71 States

  28. Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) How does it work? • 321 monitoring stations and 16 laboratories throughout the world report if it believes an explosion has taken place. Success? • Among other significant nuclear states yet to ratify are Israel, Pakistan, India and North Korea.

  29. Nuclear Non Proliferation Treaty (NPT) Main Objective • Restrict the possession of nuclear weapons. • Three Main aims: nonproliferation, disarmament, and the right to peacefully use nuclear technology. History • 1992 all five then-declared nuclear powers namely France, China, Britain, USA and the Soviet Union signed the treaty.

  30. Nuclear Non Proliferation Treaty (NPT) How does it work? Non Proliferation • These 5 Nuclear Weapons States agree not to transfer nuclear weapons technology to other states, and the non-NWS state parties agree not to seek to develop nuclear weapons. Disarmament • NWS parties must refrain form aiding other states to develop nuclear weapons and also pursue to reduce and liquidate their own nuclear stockpiles. The Right to Peacefully Use Nuclear Technology • The treaty gives every state the inalienable right to use nuclear energy for peaceful purposes.

  31. Nuclear Non Proliferation Treaty (NPT) Success? Non-Proliferation • States that Nuclear Weapons States can not use their nuclear weapons against a non-NWS party except in response to a nuclear attack but there are discrepancies to this. Disarmament • Article X states that any state can withdraw from the treaty if they feel that "extraordinary events", for example a perceived threat, force them to do so. The Right to Peacefully Use Nuclear Technology • Loophole? • Several NPT signatories have given up nuclear weapons or nuclear weapons programs.

  32. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Main Objective • Promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy and to inhibit its use for military purposes. History • IAEA expanded its nuclear safety efforts in response to the Chernobyl disaster in 1986. How does it work? • Inspects and investigates any suspected violations of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty under the mandate of the United Nations.

  33. The impact of a nuclear weapons event is undeniable and cannot be morally ignored. Nuclear weapons must be abolished before they eliminate us.

  34. International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War "We are not a group of activists who happen to be doctors: we are doctors first, committed to easing suffering and death. We bring that commitment to the global stage in our attempt to prevent the ultimate suffering and death of nuclear war." "We are not a group of activists who happen to be doctors: we are doctors first, committed to easing suffering and death. We bring that commitment to the global stage in our attempt to prevent the ultimate suffering and death of nuclear war." Mary Wynne Ashford, Co-President

  35. 1: Working to Abolish Nuclear Weapons • MYTH: The threat of nuclear war has ended!

  36. 2: Prevention of War and Promotion of Peace • War is a pandemic; there is a global health crisis!

  37. 3: Educational Outreach • Educating the public as well as key decision makers demands that the that the abolishment of nuclear weapons is at the top of the global agenda.

  38. “There are 2 superpowers in this world; the United states and civil society.”Douglas Roche, Nuclear conference 2006 McMaster University.

  39. “A future without nuclear weapons could be a reality”(PGS) www.pgs.ca

  40. Physicians for Global Survival (PGS) Founded in 1980-believe that involvement and support from individuals are crucial for nuclear free world Working for the abolition of nuclear weapons & prevention of war Educational projects from a public health perspective to raise awareness about nuclear weapons and war Educational campaigns directed to public and governments

  41. PGS….Cont’d Committed to fostering student involvement sPGS-medical student branch of student physicians for global survival Students contribute various ways Ideas/opinions Coordinate Joining efforts  awareness Work with physicians involved in peace through health projects

  42. Promoting Awareness Mayor for Peace International campaign involves the community Brings together mayors and councilors from cities all over the world represent public demands Goal is to attend events like NPT to send strong message that citizens want end to nuclear weapons As Jan. 2005 688 cities in 110 countries/regions involved

  43. Shadow Paintings • Commemorate those who died from bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki • Visual reminder of lives lost

  44. Target X • Draws attentions for passerby's who become curious and stop to ask questions • Target could be next site of nuclear weapons

  45. Lantern Ceremony • Another way of commemorating those who died Hiroshima and Nagasaki • Use ancient Japanese custom of candle lit paper

  46. Abolition 2000 • Activists met to formulate statement-creating abolition 2000 network after discovering nuclear abolishment was not on the agenda during the 1995, NPT review • Network of over 2000 organizations in over 90 countries working to eliminate nuclear weapons • Signed the abolition 2000 statement and now work together to accomplish set of measures they have developed

  47. “War is the work of man. War is the destruction of human life. War is death. To remember the past is to commit oneself to the future. To remember Hiroshima is to abhor nuclear war. To remember Hiroshima is to commit oneself to peace.” -Physicians for Global Survival

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