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Dairy Marketing Dr. Roger Ginder Econ 338a Fall 2009 Lecture # 4

Dairy Marketing Dr. Roger Ginder Econ 338a Fall 2009 Lecture # 4. Number of Dairy Cows, U.S. The Number of Dairy Cows Reached a Low of About 9.01 Million in 2004 Since Then the Number of Cows Has Risen to About 9.31 Million—Nearly as High as 1996

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Dairy Marketing Dr. Roger Ginder Econ 338a Fall 2009 Lecture # 4

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  1. Dairy Marketing Dr. Roger Ginder Econ 338a Fall 2009 Lecture # 4

  2. Number of Dairy Cows, U.S • The Number of Dairy Cows Reached a Low of About 9.01 Million in 2004 • Since Then the Number of Cows Has Risen to About 9.31 Million—Nearly as High as 1996 • What Do Think the Impact of this Change Will Be? • What Can or Should Be Done to Change This Trend?

  3. Number of Dairy Cows, Iowa Source: NASS, USDA, on-line database, 3/23/09

  4. Number of Dairy Cows,Selected States Source: Census of Agriculture, NASS, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture

  5. Dairy Farms by Herd Size Source: Census of Agriculture, NASS, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture

  6. Dairy Farms by Herd Size Source: Census of Agriculture, NASS, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture

  7. Dairy Farms by Herd Size Source: Census of Agriculture, NASS, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture

  8. Dairy Farms by Herd Size Source: Census of Agriculture, NASS, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture

  9. Average Number of Cows Per Farm, U.S. Source: Census of Agriculture, NASS, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture

  10. Average Number of Cows Per Farm in Iowa Source: Census of Agriculture, NASS, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture

  11. Average Number of Cows Per Farm, Selected States Source: Census of Agriculture, NASS, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture

  12. Production Per Cow, U.S. Source: NASS, USDA, on-line database, 3.23.09

  13. Production Per Cow in Iowa Source: NASS, USDA, on-line database, 3/21/09

  14. Production Per Cow, Selected States Source: NASS, USDA, on-line database, 3/21/09

  15. USDA, Federal Milk Market Administrator, Tulsa, 2/2005

  16. USDA, Federal Milk Market Administrator, Tulsa, 2/2009

  17. Number of Cows & Production Per Cow, U.S. Source: NASS, USDA, on-line database, 3/21/09

  18. U.S.DAIRY PRODUCTION--SUPPLY • The Production “Plant” • Production Systems used • Producer Size Vs. Production Share • Geographic Distribution of Production • Increases • Decreases

  19. GENERAL PRODUCTION SYSTEMS • Tie stall or stanchion • Traditional • Modern (humid and arid ) • Modern (dry lot) • Rotational grazing

  20. DAIRY PRODUCTION METHODS AND FACILITIES • Tie stall (stanchion) barn system • Cows tethered, milked, bedded in stall • Milking unit moved stall-to-stall • Pipeline system through barn • Feed brought to cow • Loft and silo for feed • Smaller operations (less 100 cows)

  21. DAIRY PRODUCTION METHODS AND FACILITIES • Advantages to Tie Stall System • Suited to cold weather • Cow comfort in winter • Aesthetics for many • Existing system On many farms

  22. DAIRY PRODUCTION METHODS AND FACILTIES • Problems With Tie Stall System • Labor intensive • High cost - $7,000-$10,000/cow (with land and cows) • Expansion is difficult • Purchasing and handling ingredients in volume can be difficult

  23. DAIRY PRODUCTION METHODS AND FACILITIES • Tie stall (stanchion) barn system • Cows tethered, milked, bedded in stall • Milking unit moved stall-to-stall • Pipeline system through barn • Feed brought to cow • Loft and silo for feed • Smaller operations (less 100 cows)

  24. DAIRY PRODUCTION METHODS AND FACILITIES • “Traditional” system • Milking and housing are separated • Housing in some type of confinement system • Concrete corrals • “Utah” stalls (open with roof over head) • Free stall housing (dry stalls)

  25. DAIRY PRODUCTION METHODS AND FACILITIES • Feeding down middle and/or on sides • Feed pelleted concentrate in parlor and forage is fed outside • OR total mixed ration of concentrate and forage is fed • Parlor milking of cows • Flat barn • Four on a side end-to-end • Herringbone

  26. DAIRY PRODUCTION METHODS AND FACILITIES • Advantages—Traditional System • Adaptable to climate variability • Adapted to home production of forages/grains • Adaptable to diversified family farm • Problems • Labor requirements • Cost $4,000-$7,000/cow (with land and cows) • Smaller size and input purchasing levels

  27. DAIRY PRODUCTION METHODS AND FACILITIES • “Modern” free stall system --- Humid Areas • Free stall housing • Lagoon Manure Storage • Modern parlors • Free stall in humid areas • Ventilation • Flush systems for waste in parlor • Flushing in concrete walkways and free stalls

  28. DAIRY PRODUCTION METHODS AND FACILITIES • “Modern” free stall system—Arid • Similar Free stall housing With larger parlors • Reuse water 2 or 3 times • Free stall in arid areas • Open sides • Fans during hot months • Flush systems for waste in parlor • Flushing in concrete walkways and free stalls

  29. DAIRY PRODUCTION METHODS AND FACILITIES • Milking Parlors • High Capacity • Many use 3X milking schedule • Operate more or less continuously 24/7 • Large bulk tank capacity geared to tanker pickup

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