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youtube/watch?v=L0k-enzoeOM mitosis

http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v=L0k-enzoeOM mitosis http :// www.youtube.com/watch?v=8kK2zwjRV0M dna rep. DNA and DNA Replication. DNA: Why is it important?. DNA: genetic material passes from generation to generation

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youtube/watch?v=L0k-enzoeOM mitosis

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  1. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L0k-enzoeOM mitosis • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8kK2zwjRV0Mdna rep

  2. DNA and DNA Replication

  3. DNA: Why is it important? • DNA: genetic material passes from generation to generation • DNA: controls cellular activities by controlling the production of proteins and enzymes • DNA: determines an organism’s traits • DNA: holds the information for life, for specialization

  4. DNA: Discovery • 1950’s • Rosalind Franklin- x-ray photo of DNA • Watson and Crick- described DNA as double helix • Chargaff- identified 4 nitrogenous bases found in all living organisms. Created Chargaff Base pair rules • DNA: A-T C-G RNA: A-U C-G

  5. DNA: What is it? • DNA: Deoxyribonucleic Acid • DNA: made up of thousands of repeating units called nucleotides • DNA nucleotide: • Phosphate • Deoxyribose sugar “sugar shack” • Nitrogenous base : A-T C-G

  6. DNA: Nitrogenous Bases • Purines:double rings • Guanine (G) • Adenine (A) • Pyramidines:single rings • Thymine (T) • Cytosine (C)

  7. DNA: Chargaff’s base pairing rules • Adenine(A) must pair with Thymine (T) • Guanine (G) must pair with Cytosine (C) • *Adenine and Thymine as well as Guanine and Cytosine’s amount are about the same contributing to why they pair up.

  8. DNA: Structure • Double Helic- Watson and Crick • 2 connecting chains of nucleotides forming a ladder like structure • Sides of ladder made of alternating phosphate and deoxyribosemolecules • Rungs of ladder made of nitrogen base pairs bonded by hydrogen bonds

  9. DNAReplication • Purpose:to create an exact copy of itself in order for the cell to divide and have the same number and kind of hereditary information as the original cell. • When: during mitosis in the S- phase of Interphase • Why? So cells can grow and repair

  10. DNA Replication Steps • Helicase breaks hydrogen bonds between bases • DNA helix unwinds/unzips • DNA Polymerase takes free nucleotides that enter the nucleus and bond them to complementary bases on parent DNA strands • Results in two identical DNA molecules that are exact copies of original ***Each new strand consists of a parent and a daughter/new

  11. DNA: FACTS • DNA: strands are said to be “complimentary”. • A is complementary to T • G is complementary to C • DNA: all organisms have same structure, but difference sequence of bases= different information • 1 million bases of DNA sequence= 1 megabyte of computer data

  12. Videos • Crash Course: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8kK2zwjRV0M

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