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Jordan University of Science & Technology Faculty of Computer & Information Technology Department of Computer Sc

Jordan University of Science & Technology Faculty of Computer & Information Technology Department of Computer Science & Information Systems. Introduction to Computers. What are computers?.

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Jordan University of Science & Technology Faculty of Computer & Information Technology Department of Computer Sc

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  1. Jordan University of Science & Technology Faculty of Computer & Information Technology Department of Computer Science & Information Systems

  2. Introduction to Computers

  3. What are computers? Computers are electronic devices that can follow instructions to accept input, process the input and then produce information.

  4. Four Kinds of Computers • Microcomputers

  5. Four Kinds of Computers • Microcomputers • Minicomputers

  6. Four Kinds of Computers • Microcomputers • Minicomputers • Mainframe computers

  7. Four Kinds of Computers • Microcomputers • Minicomputers • Mainframe computers • Supercomputers

  8. Microcomputer • Generally employs a microprocessor, “computer on a chip” and are desktop sized or less • Two main types • Desktop • Portable Increasing Use of Microcomputers 350 300 Microcomputers (in millions) 250 200 1995 1997 1996 1998 Source: Intel Corporation

  9. Desktop Computers • Small enough for a desktop, but not easily portable • Personal computers (PC’s) run general purpose software and are employed by a wide spectrum of users

  10. Desktop Computers • Workstations are powerful machines, running more advanced software, for technical, scientific, or data-intensive tasks • These distinctions, however, are blurring

  11. Portable Computers • Easily transported from one place to another

  12. Portable Computers • Four categories • Laptops • Notebooks • Sub-notebooks • Personal Digital Assistants (PDA)

  13. Minicomputers • Desk-sized • More processing speed and storage capacity than microcomputers • General data processing needs at small companies • Larger companies use them for specific purposes

  14. Mainframe Computers • Larger machines with special wiring and environmental controls • Faster processing and greater storage than minicomputers • Typical machine in large organizations

  15. Supercomputers • The most powerful of the four categories • Used by very large organizations, particularly for very math-intensive types of tasks

  16. Characteristics of computers 1- Store a large amount of data and information for a long period of time. 2- process data and information in high accuracy level . 3-Speed in processing data information. 4-Sharing of information / network.

  17. Understanding the difference between Data, Information and Knowledge: Computer Data Information Knowledge

  18. Data: is the name given to basic facts such as names and numbers. • Information: is data that has been converted into a more useful or intelligible form. • Knowledge: arrangement of information and classifying information of the same type or the same topic.

  19. Data Data are details of various types of transactions and details relating to specific situations, which are input to a data processing system (e.g. computer) for processing in a prescribed way. Examples of data relating to students are student-number, student-name and grades.

  20. e. g. -2 4 0 -3 10 (data) | | sort \ / -3 -2 0 4 10 (information)

  21. Data • Document files • Worksheet files • Database files

  22. Information Information: the result of processing data. • Information: • Must serve a useful purpose • Must be of an acceptable level of accuracy • Must be available at the right time • Must be relevant to the enterprise, person, … etc.

  23. Knowledge • Putting a number of information with the same type or same topic would be a knowledge.

  24. Processing data produces information, and processing information produces knowledge.

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