Power On

1. Power On CIS 145, �Microcomputer System Servicing Central Oregon Community College Kelvin Kempfer

2. Outline Ware Oh Ware Give it the �Boot� Start your Engines The Wizard of OS

3. Ware Oh Ware Three types of �Ware� Hardware Software Firmware

4. Ware Oh Ware Three types of �Ware� Hardware Physical components that make up a microcomputer, monitor, printer and so on.

5. Ware Oh Ware Three types of �Ware� Software A serious of instructions, in the form of binary, loaded in the computer�s memory that instructs the computer in how to accomplish a problem or task.

6. Ware Oh Ware Three types of �Ware� Firmware Software contained in a read-only memory (ROM) device.

7. Give it the �Boot� Two methods used to �Reboot� a system unit: Hard Boot Turning on the power with the on/off switch Also known as the �cold boot� Soft Boot Uses the operating system to reboot

8. Give it the �Boot� Hard Boot Stressful on equipment Power surge Pause after shutdown Consider using the reset switch Starts the boot process at an earlier point as compared to OS reboot Used as last resort in the Windows environment

9. Give it the �Boot� Soft Boot Uses the operating system to reboot Crtl, Alt and Delete (DOS and Windows 2000) Windows Start Shutdown Select �Restart� OK

10. Start your engines Turn it on Use your ears Fan motors Use your eyes Power LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes) Use your nose If you smell escaped smoke, it would be a good idea to discontinue the process

11. Start your engines When the power is first turned on, the system clock begins to generate clock pulses The CPU begins working and initializes itself Resetting its internal values CPU looks for first instruction in BIOS Memory address FFFF0h First instruction in the ROM BIOS startup program Runs the POST test

12. Start your engines Startup BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) POST (Power-on Self Test). This test operates when ever any PC is turned on Consults the CMOS Checks the primary components of the system unit RAM, CPU, motherboard support circuitry, major peripherals Discovers �hard� problems Detected errors are fatal errors because the system will stop the boot process

13. Start your engines Detected POST Errors Audio codes Onscreen messages Hexadecimal numeric codes sent to an I/O port address POST card

14. Start your engines Audio codes:

15. Start your engines On screen messages: 100 series System Board 200 series RAM 300 series Keyboard 500 series Video controller 600 series Floppy driver

16. Start your engines A single �Beep� signifies a successful POST (Some systems, such as Compaq�s, do not do this)

17. Start your engines System resources are assigned to devices IRQ (Interrupt Request) I/O addresses DMA (Direct Memory Access) Checks the DMA controller Checks the interrupt controller CMOS setup is run if requested BIOS begins its search for an OS

18. The Wizard of OS Boot Sequence A CMOS Setting Determines the order of secondary storage locations the CPU will use to search for the boot sector.

19. The Wizard of OS Minimum Requirements A small program at the very beginning of the disk called the master boot program that is needed to locate the beginning of the OS on the drive A table that contains a map to the logical drives on the hard drive. This table is called the partition table

20. The Wizard of OS Minimum Requirements (continued) The OS boot record that loads the first program file of the OS For DOS, that program is IO.SYS MSDOS.SYS is next followed by COMMAND.COM Prompt