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By Andrew, Ann, Stephanie and Saskia. Learned Helplessness Theory. RESEARCHER. Martin Seligman . Maier . RESEARCH QUESTION. Can helplessness be learned?. HYPOTHESIS.
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By Andrew, Ann, Stephanie and Saskia Learned HelplessnessTheory
RESEARCHER • Martin Seligman. • Maier.
RESEARCH QUESTION • Can helplessness be learned?
HYPOTHESIS • That the yoked dogs did nothing to escape the electric shocks, compared to the unyoked dogs that escaped the electric shocks.
METHOD PHASE 1 • Yoked dogs. • Unyoked dogs. PHASE 2 • Shuttle Box .
VARIABLES INDEPENDENT VARIABLE • Yoked and unyoked. DEPENDENT VARIABLE • Yoked dogs did not try to escape. • Unyoked dogs tried to escape.
PARTICIPANTS • Dogs (No number).
CONCLUSION • Helplessness can be learned.
METHODOLOGY STRENGTHS: • Cause and effect. • Controlled. LIMITATIONS: • Generalization (assuming humans learn the same way as dogs). • Artificiality.
ALTERNATIVE EXPLANATIONS • Biological. • Adler
CULTURAL ISSUES • Some cultures are more prone to be helpless.
ETHICAL ISSUES • Animal cruelty. • One dog died.
So what? • Depression • therapy • Optimism