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Technological developments

Technological developments. Ifremer/Coriolis, AWI EURO-ARGO/ESFRI. ARVOR float. Arvor : new float dedicated to CTD measurements for Argo Deployment facilitated (smaller, lighter weight <20 kg) and to reduce manufacturing costs.

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Technological developments

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  1. Technological developments Ifremer/Coriolis, AWI EURO-ARGO/ESFRI

  2. ARVOR float • Arvor : new float dedicated to CTD measurements for Argo • Deployment facilitated (smaller, lighter weight <20 kg) and to reduce manufacturing costs. • 10 instruments manufactured in May + intensive tests done in 2008 • 2 Arvor were successfully deployed in southern ocean; they are cycling every 2 days to assess their performance and have performed 5 cycles; 8 more will be deployed in Atlantic this summer

  3. Transmission through Bi-directional communication • Iridium transmission implemented on ProvCarbon and ProvBio which are Argo floats (Provor) fitted with extra optical sensors. • 2 ProvCarbon have been deployed in February 2008 and have performed more than 50 cycles today ( 5 days period) • Surface times could be reduced to 30 minutes; the surface time is allocated to increasing the buoyancy of the float to sufficiently rise the antenna (about 5 min), the iridium transmission (around 5 min), and finally to reduce buoyancy.

  4. Transmission through Bi-directional communication • 12 ProvBio have been manufactured and most of them have been deployed (http://www.obs-vlfr.fr/OAO/). • Iridium/GPS antenna developed and tested for 2000 dbar operations. • Iridium satellite downlink capability successfully tested • Development of an Arvor equipped with an Iridium antenna • Use of ARGOS-3 transmission ? • new modem PMT from CLS Argos tested • Implementation on Arvor and deployment in 2009

  5. PROVOR-DO PROVOR-DO • Provor + dissolved oxygen sensor (optode) • Change the sensor position: top  bottom • Optode closer to the CTD • No temperature bias induced by the float • Calibration possibilities in moist air • Correction of two bugs in the software • Two floats are currently tested • Lifetime of float: Extra power for sensor • ~8% of total provor energy (for optode), lifetime is maintained beyond 3 years. • cost of optode sensor: ~5900€.

  6. New developments • CTD Improvements: less energy consuming for new 2009 model (180mW vs 300mW today). • Investigation for deep measurements • Higher pressure operation to 3500 dbars: available with titanium pump impeller housing rather than plastic, and Druck Pressure sensor (about same price than 2000 dbars model). 7000 dbars expected in 2009. • Further sensor investigations on the CTD accuracy

  7. Ice sensing Initially, Argo was intended to observe deep ice-free ocean in real time, but the ice-resilience of floats has been increased. • Nemo (optimare) is fitted with 3 main features: • Ice Sensing Algorithm (ISA) to improve endurance in ice-covered seas, • Interim Storage of aborted profile data in presence of ice at surface, • Subsurface RAFOS navigation to locate profile/ float under the sea ice. • Development of a new ISA algorithm for deployment in the Arctic • A non Argo model of Provor (NKE) exists for ice thickness assessment. It uses the subsurface RAFOS navigation (Provor-A) coupled with an upward looking acoustic sounder.

  8. Under-ice floats in Antarctica : 5 years of experience

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