A Mobile-IP Based Mobility System for Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks

1. A Mobile-IP Based Mobility System for Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks Chung-Kuo Chang; Parallel Processing, 2005. ICPP 2005 Workshops. International Conference Workshops on 14-17 June 2005 page(s):429 - 435 Presented by Jen-Hung Liao 2006/04/04

2. Outline • Introduction • Related Work • Architecture WiMax Networks • Mobile-IP Based Handoff • The Prototype Mobile System • Performance Analysis • Conclusion

3. Introduction • The success of WiFi network with IEEE802.11x technology • Cellular based – 3G network • WiMax solution based on IEEE802.16 technology • IEEE802.16a • IEEE802.16e • WiMax is beyond the capability of WiFi

4. Introduction (cont.) • WiMax is required to support low latency of less than 100ms and zero packet loss during handoffs • A metropolitan network will consist of various wireless accessing technologies • WiMax success depends on the integration of mechanisms to deal with handoffs

5. Related Work • Fast and seamless for intra-domain mobility • The hierarchical MIP scheme is one of the favorites mechanism • The design of gateway has a strong influence on our design as well • A metropolitan network consists of multiple technologies where various vertical handoff mechanisms are an integral part of such heterogeneous networks

6. Architecture of WiMax networks • A typical metropolitan network • consists of one (or more) Base Station (BS) that is connected to the internet infrastructure and a group of Mobile Subscriber Stations (MSS) • IEEE802.16a • IEEE802.16e • Mobility Agent • Acts as the termination points of the tunnel carrying data from the home network of the MSS

7. Architecture of WiMax networks (cont.)

8. Mobile-IP based handoff • Mobile-IP • Mobile-IP allows a mobile node to move form one place to another without changing its home address • The handoff latency in a Mobile-IP includes the time taken to register the mobile node’s location and time taken to configure a new care-of address

9. Mobile-IP based handoff (cont.) • In case of WiMax • It implement the mobility management system following the Mobile-IP • Drawbacks in the MAN • Mobile-IP is a network layer solution • Messages sent to the MMS that long delay due to the tunneling • It doesn’t supporting handoff of heterogeneous network

10. Hierarchical micro-mobility • MAN is intended to cover an area of 30 miles in radius • Two kinds of mobility can be defined according to the mobile user’s movement pattern • Hierarchical Mobile-IP is intended to reduce the handoff latency • MAP makes nothing is to be communicated with the home agent

11. Hierarchical micro-mobility (cont.)

12. Vertical handoff • The handoff in Mobile-IP is horizontal handoff • Vertical handoff mechanism which covers handoff over different wireless technologies • Mobile user could switch between different access technologies • It must be provided in software consistently between the BS and mobile user • It will monitor the signaling strength to decide the proper technology and time to switch over

13. Satellite Local area High end 本地范围 Wide Area Low speed moving High speed moving Vertical handoff (cont.) software agents + hardware support for heterogeneity management

14. Fast handoff • Hierarchical micro-mobility still takes 300ms to 400ms of delay time during handoff • The fast handoff scheme intends to reduce the handoff delay by minimize the address resolution delay time • It achieves this by pre-configuration of the care-of address in the visiting network • The MSS to broadcast its knowledge to the potential target BS so that they can decide the context of the car-of-address before the handoff is initiated

15. Network mobility • Access points deployed on a public transportation • The protocols are hierarchical based for supporting seamless connectivity of mobile hosts • The Mobile Router which acts as a gateway • The MR would act as the foreign agent and provide a foreign agent care-of address to the mobile nodes. • Packets addressed to the mobile nodes within the mobile network go through the MR's Home Agent as well as the mobile node's Home Agent.

16. Mobile router運作示意

17. The prototype mobility system • Soft ware modules • It follows the HMIP designs to include the MAP • There are six major components in the mobility manager: • A Foreign agent module • A Tunneling module • A Link Monitor module • A QoS module • A Security module • A Billing module

18. beacon beacon Registration Request Handoff Initiation Handoff Decision Handoff Decision Bind Update Handoff ACK Handoff ACK Data Packets Handoff procedure MSS Serving BS Target BS

19. Metropolitan medical network • Its primary goal is to provide real time sharing of clinical and laboratory data amongst medical hospitals and other health entities • This type of network is very advantageous for both patients and the health providers • Emergency physicians can obtain in real time the patient data and medical images over the network when the patient is in transit on the ambulance

20. Metropolitan medical network

21. Performance Analysis • Mobility mechanisms based on other technologies have also been proposed • MPLS techniques • WiBro technology • It has been using the ns-2 simulator to study performance, it is based on a fixed network topology and a variation on the radius of the signal

22. Performance Analysis (cont.)

23. Conclusion • It presents as a challenge to introduce mobility into wireless metropolitan networks • The proposed solution to reduce the overheads associated with fast moving users • The effectiveness of WiMax will be tested when the concept of wireless city becomes popular and the usage of broadband handheld devices becomes the mainstream of daily life