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INVERTER-Y TRAINING 2009

INVERTER-Y TRAINING 2009. TOPICS. Introduction to Y-Inverter Control Algorithm Troubleshooting. INTRODUCTION. INTRODUCTION. What is inverter ? What are the advantages ? Differences between Conventional & Inverter A/C Basics of Inverter Technology. INTRODUCTION. What is Inverter?.

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INVERTER-Y TRAINING 2009

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  1. INVERTER-Y TRAINING 2009

  2. TOPICS Introduction to Y-Inverter Control Algorithm Troubleshooting

  3. INTRODUCTION

  4. INTRODUCTION • What is inverter ? • What are the advantages ? • Differences between Conventional & Inverter A/C • Basics of Inverter Technology

  5. INTRODUCTION What is Inverter? • Electrical supply has fix frequency • Inverter type air conditioner have frequency changer which can change the electrical frequency to control the speed of the compressor • This in turn, can control the capacity accordingly

  6. INTRODUCTION Advantages • Enhanced room temperature comfort - More precise room temperature control - Temperature fluctuation is kept within ± 0.5C from set temperature Conventional Inverter

  7. INTRODUCTION Conventional compressor Compressor capacity Full capacity Time Advantages • Less on / off cycle Room temperature control: switching compressor ON & OFF Compressor capacity Inverter Room temperature control: Control compressor rotational speed smoothly Smooth ramp up from zero to high rotational speed Slow down as temperature drops Maintain room temperature at low speed Time

  8. INTRODUCTION Advantages • Starting frequency Compressor frequency (rps) 1.0 hp – 68 rps 1.5 hp – 74 rps Max. 55 35 Target frequency 20 0 Time (min) 2 1 6

  9. INTRODUCTION Advantages • Fast cooling Conventional non-inverter A/C Inverter A/C Room temperature Set temperature Time Quick cooling

  10. INTRODUCTION Advantages • Low starting current Running current Conventional A/C: • High starting current • Frequent on/off cycle Inverter A/C: • Low starting current • Smooth operation Hours of operation

  11. INTRODUCTION Advantages • Higher reliability • Less compressor start – stop cycle • Low starting current • Longer compressor motor lifespan

  12. INTRODUCTION Advantages • Low energy consumption with superior efficiency • Frequency of supply current is varied according to load requirements – excellent efficiency • Range is between 0 – 68 rps (204 Hz) for 1.0 hp 0 – 74 rps (222 Hz) for 1.5 hp • Resulting in significantly LESS compressor start/stop – low energy consumption Lowest operating frequency = 60 Hz

  13. INTRODUCTION Advantages • Protection Additional software protection against • Over current • Over heating

  14. INTRODUCTION Differences Overview

  15. INTRODUCTION Energy Savings Creation of Comfort Basics of Inverter Technology Inverter-driven Compressor IPM (Inverter Power Module) Electronic Expansion Valve (EXV)

  16. INTRODUCTION Basics of Inverter Technology Power supply Rectifier circuit Compressor Motor IPM Adjust capacity according to actual load by • Controlling the EXV opening • Controlling the refrigerant flow

  17. INTRODUCTION Compressor Energy Source Rectifying Circuit Inverter Circuit Control & Protection Circuitry Feedback Basics of Inverter Technology Inverter system block diagram

  18. INTRODUCTION Basics of Inverter Technology Inverter drive power circuit IN U M V OUT W Rectifier Inverter

  19. INTRODUCTION Basics of Inverter Technology What are Rectifier / Inverter? Rectifier: Rectifying with smoothing Changing AC  DC Inverter: Inverse transformation with P.W.M. Changing DC  AC

  20. INTRODUCTION IN U M V OUT W Basics of Inverter Technology Inverter drive power circuit - components IPM(Inverter Module) Reactor Diode Electrolytic capacitor

  21. INTRODUCTION t1 50 Hz Basics of Inverter Technology The system Inverter Output Frequency 222 Hz 60 Hz Power supply Input frequency 50Hz Inverter AC/DC Rectifier DC/AC Inverter u t t 222 Hz 60 Hz compressor motor input IPM

  22. INTRODUCTION Basics of Inverter Technology Indoor PCB

  23. INTRODUCTION Basics of Inverter Technology Outdoor PCB

  24. CONTROL ALGORITHM

  25. The compressor is frequency-controlled during normal operation. The target frequency is set based on following parameters: i) Outdoor ambient temperature ii) Set temperature iii) Room temperature When the frequency increases, the rotation speed of compressor increases resulting in an increased refrigerant circulation, this lead to higher amount of heat transfer and vice versa when frequency decreases. Frequency Principle CONTROL ALGORITHM

  26. The system has 2 operating modes. The mode selection is done in Inverter (indoor) controls. The operating modes are: Cool Fan Operating Modes CONTROL ALGORITHM

  27. CONTROL ALGORITHM Function – Cool Mode • When Tr >= Ts – 1.5°C - Comp, ID Fan and OD Fan ON • When Tr <= Ts - 2°C - Comp and OD Fan OFF - ID Fan remain ON Tr = Room Temperature Ts = Set Temperature

  28. At beginning of cooling operation, compressor frequency will be increased smoothly to the target frequency so that the room temperature is reduced. When set temperature is achieved, operation frequency will be reduced to stabilize the room temperature. Function – Cool Mode CONTROL ALGORITHM

  29. CONTROL ALGORITHM When will Compressor Stop? • When cooling load is too small, even with lowest operation frequency and the room temperature still fall below compressor cut off point, compressor will stop. Compressor Capacity Lowest Freq Time Tr <= Ts - 2°C Comp will stop

  30. Function - Fan Mode Only High, Medium and Low fan speeds are allowed. When changing cool mode to fan mode, the compressor will stop and OD fan stops after 30s. Compressor will only ON if the minimum stop time is > 3 minutes and the user change back to cool mode. Fan speed will maintain same as during fan mode. CONTROL ALGORITHM

  31. Master by outdoor unit. Indoor controller board will transmit signal to outdoor controller board every 0.5s. Outdoor unit will response to indoor once the valid data is received. PROTECTION Indoor Acknowledge Send Signal Outdoor Protection Control - Data Communication Error Between Indoor and Outdoor

  32. If the data communication line between indoor and outdoor occurs error for 15scontinuously, compressor will stop, OD fan stop after 30s. ID LED blinks error. If the communication resumes after 15s, error code is clear and compressor restarts after 3 minutes. If the communication is not resume after 15s, unit unable to restart and the error keep blinking. PROTECTION Protection Control - Data Communication Error Between Indoor and Outdoor

  33. Indoor Coil Frost Prevention Only available in cooling mode. When the indoor coil temperature < 2°C, the compressor starts to drop the frequency. This protection is activated when: - Indoor coil temperature < 0°C for more than 180s. Compressor will stop, OD fan stop after 30s and indoor fan can only run at super low fan speed. The unit can only be restarted after 3 minutes. When the indoor coil temperature >13°C, the compressor frequency will be reset based on the OD ambient, room and set temperature. PROTECTION

  34. Input Current Control PROTECTION

  35. Input Current Control When the input current for running compressor exceeds I2, running frequency will be reduced by 1 step. If current still exceeds I2, frequency will be reduced by another 1 step until total current falls between I2 and I3. This protection is activated when the input current exceeds I1 for 2 seconds. Compressor will stop and it is considered total current overload. The unit can only be restarted after 3 minutes. If input current <I3, the compressor frequency is reset based on the OD ambient, set and room temperature. PROTECTION

  36. Compressor Discharge Temperature Control PROTECTION

  37. If compressor discharge temperature >102°C, running frequency will be reduced by 1 step. If compressor discharge temperature still >102°C, frequency will be reduced by another 1 step until temperature falls between 99°C and 90°C. This protection is activated when the compressor discharge temperature > 110°C. The compressor will stop and considered trip. The unit can only be restarted after 3 minutes. If the compressor discharge temperature < 90°C, the compressor frequency will be reset based on the OD ambient, set and room temperature. PROTECTION Compressor Discharge Temperature Control

  38. PROTECTION High Pressure Protection

  39. The compressor frequency is adjusted depend on the coil temperature. This protection is activated when the outdoor coil temperature > 64°C, the compressor stop and OD fan stop after 30s. The unit can only be restarted after 3 minutes. PROTECTION High Pressure Protection

  40. Protection on the IPM IPM error is declared when; i) Compressor’s motor peak current > 21A OR ii) IPM temperature >100°C OR iii) IGBT peak current > 16A. PROTECTION IPM error

  41. TROUBLESHOOTING

  42. TROUBLESHOOTING Fault display by indoor unit When any error occurs, indoor LED display will keep blinking LED blinks here

  43. TROUBLESHOOTING Fault diagnosis by remote controller OFF TIMER CANCEL button ON TIMER CANCEL button Hold down ON TIMER CLR or OFF TIMER CLR for 5 seconds

  44. TROUBLESHOOTING Fault diagnosis by remote controller Press ON TIMER CLR or OFF TIMER CLR repeatedly until ID buzzer produces long beep The handset temperature display section will indicate the error code Error code C4 ID unit buzzer will produce long beep if the handset error code = unit error A short and two consecutive beeps is not the unit error

  45. TROUBLESHOOTING Fault diagnosis using outdoor 7-segment display

  46. TROUBLESHOOTING Fault diagnosis using outdoor 7-segment display 7-segment display When there is no error, compressor running frequency is displayed, unit: rps Flashes error code when error occurs

  47. TROUBLESHOOTING ON/OFF button Mode button ON TIMER CANCEL button OFF TIMER CANCEL button Fault diagnosis – stored last state error Remove battery from remote controller Replace battery again into remote controller Press Mode & ON/OFF buttons together Press Mode button to 5:00 Press ON/OFF once Repeat the fault diagnosis by remote controller steps

  48. TROUBLESHOOTING Error Codes

  49. TROUBLESHOOTING Outdoor 7-segment display Press on the tact switch Display parameter by flashing of 7-segment Parameter 125, display as 25, follow by 01

  50. TROUBLESHOOTING Equipments • Digital clampmeter • Digital multi-meter • Pressure gauge AC CURRENT RESISTANT AC VOLTAGE

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