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7: Interpersonal. Listening . Listening makes up 42-60% of our communication. Speaking. Reading. Writing. Listening. Hearing. A physiological activity that occurs when sound waves hit our eardrums. Listening. Attending Understanding Remembering and Retaining Critically Evaluating.
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7: Interpersonal Listening CA 104 (Aitken)
Listening makes up 42-60% of our communication. Speaking Reading Writing Listening CA 104 (Aitken)
Hearing • A physiological activity that occurs when sound waves hit our eardrums CA 104 (Aitken)
Listening • Attending • Understanding • Remembering and Retaining • Critically Evaluating “The process of receiving, constructing meaning from, and responding to spoken and/or nonverbal messages.” CA 104 (Aitken)
Attending • Get physically and mentally ready to listen. • Choose the type of attending appropriate for the situation. • Appreciative listening • Discriminative listening • Comprehensive listening • Critical-evaluative listening • Emphatic listening • Make the shift from speaker to listener a complete one. CA 104 (Aitken)
Understanding • Resist tuning out • Identify the speaker’s purpose and key points • Observe nonverbal cues • Avoid interrupting • Ask questions • Paraphrase what you heard CA 104 (Aitken)
Paraphrase the following statements to reflect both the thoughts and feelings of the person speaking. • “I really like communication, but what could I do with a major in this field?” • “I don’t know if Pat and I are getting too serious too fast.” • “You can borrow my car, if you really need to, but please be careful with it. I can’t afford any repairs and if you have an accident, I won’t be able to drive to D.C. this week-end.” CA 104 (Aitken)
Remembering and Retaining Information • Repetition • Mnemonics • Note taking CA 104 (Aitken)
Mnemonics “Any artificial technique used as a memory aid.” For example: take the first letter of a list you are trying to remember and create a word HOMES (the five Great Lakes) Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, Superior CA 104 (Aitken)
Note Taking • Take notes when you • are listening to • complex • information. • Brief outline: • Overall idea • Main points • Key developmental material CA 104 (Aitken)
Separate facts from inferences Fact – a verifiable statement Inference – a conclusion drawn from facts Probe for information Critically Evaluating Information CA 104 (Aitken)
You are Listening Critically • When you question whether the inference is supported with meaningful factual statements • When you question whether the reasoning statement that shows the relationship between the support and the inference makes sense • When you question whether there is any other known information that lessens the quality of the inference CA 104 (Aitken)
Applying Skills to Listening in Cyberspace • Give extra effort to attending and understanding. • Practice critical evaluation. • Don’t become over dependent on cyberspace listening. “The electronic system of interlinked networks of computers, bulletin boards, and chat rooms.” CA 104 (Aitken)