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Ch. 7, Sect. 4 Jackson, States’ Rights, and the National Bank

Ch. 7, Sect. 4 Jackson, States’ Rights, and the National Bank. “Tariff of Abominations of 1828”. 1824, another protective tariff, raised from 23%-37%. WHY DOES THE SOUTH OPPOSE TARIFFS? Higher Tariffs  Fewer Imports from Britain  Britain makes less $ 

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Ch. 7, Sect. 4 Jackson, States’ Rights, and the National Bank

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  1. Ch. 7, Sect. 4Jackson, States’ Rights, and the National Bank

  2. “Tariff of Abominations of 1828” • 1824, another protective tariff, raised from 23%-37%. • WHY DOES THE SOUTH OPPOSE TARIFFS? Higher Tariffs  Fewer Imports from Britain  Britain makes less $  Britain buying less cotton from South

  3. NULLIFICATION • Tariff seen as an encroachment on states’ rights, esp. in South Carolina • Calhoun’s calls for nullification, which also implied power of a state to secede from the Union

  4. Growing Sectionalism • Calhoun leaves Vice-Pres. – becomes opponent of Nationalism • Webster (MA)-Hayne (SC) debates  outlines future split b/w North & South, b/w Secessionists & Unionists • South Carolina declares Tariffs of 1828 and 1832 “null”- threatens to secede

  5. South Carolina Rebels • 1832 Tariff increases the tariff amount • SC – “Null and Void”, SECESSION!!!! • Jackson was furious • Force Bill (1833)- Pres. Jackson authorized to use military to enforce the Tariff • Henry Clay • The compromise is to gradually reduce the tariff over several years

  6. B.U.S. (Bank of the United States) • Jackson refuses to renew the charter • See the banks as an agent of the wealthy • Thought the bank was corrupt • Stockholders, not people get $ • Congressmen get lower loan rates • People become angry, bank loses charter • Pet Banks • Formation of the “Whig” Party • Jackson viewed as a king

  7. How would you evaluate Andrew Jackson’s presidency? • GOOD: • BAD: • “UGLY:”

  8. Martin Van Buren becomes President in 1836. PANIC OF 1837: Causes and Effects • How much of the Panic of 1837 was his fault? Unemployment & Recession Fed $ put in Wildcat Banks Specie Circular 1836 “run” on Bank Notes Banks stop accepting paper $ Bank closings

  9. William Henry Harrison Whig Party Candidate 1840 http://www.usconstitution.com/williamhenryharrison_campaignposter.jpg

  10. Election of 1840Van Buren (Dem) vs. Harrison (Whigs) Whigs steal Jackson’s political strategy: Run an old war hero as a “man of the people” = William Henry Harrison, Gov. of Indiana and “Hero” of Tippecanoe Harrison wins, then dies after 4 weeks in office.

  11. http://www.columbia.edu/itc/history/foner/jacksonian_america/week6-pols_and_social_issues/election_1840.jpghttp://www.columbia.edu/itc/history/foner/jacksonian_america/week6-pols_and_social_issues/election_1840.jpg

  12. Tyler: A President without a Party 1841: Tyler assumes Presidency after Harrison’s death Tyler turns out to be more of a Democrat than a Whig! Clay and Whigs clash with Tyler over creating BUS (Bank of the United States) and then Tyler threatens to veto Tariff increases.

  13. 1. Explain why the protective tariff laws raised the issue of states’ rights • 2. To summarize how Jackson destroyed the Bank of the United States • 3. To identify some of the results of Jackson’s economic policies • Daniel Webster • John C. Calhoun • Tariff of Abominations • Bank of the United States • Whig • Martin Van Buren • Panic of 1837 • William Henry Harrison • John Tyler OBJECTIVES TERMS

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