Aims, Goals

1. Aims, Goals • Overall Goal: Quantify effect of ocean fronts/eddies on climate • Local (time-mean, +variability) • Remote (time-mean, +variability) • Coupled • Predictability? • Possible specific aims • Describe the boundary layer response: dynamic/thermodynamic. Mechanisms & strength of response • Select the best atmospheric model schemes, resolutions (vertical/horizontal) • High res vs low-res intercomparison • Select the appropriate surface condition (SST anomaly, flux anomaly) for use by atmospheric models SST/mixed layer initial value coupled model ensemble • Coordinate model experiments . Model diversity of climatology/response/s • seasonality • Critique analysis methods for describing ocean-atmosphere variability. Appropriate lags.. Indices • OBSERVATIONS- for validation Choose appropriate reanalysis/observations and time period for analysis. IN SITU • Quantify response of atmospheric synoptic systems to ocean fronts and mechanism of response . Link short time scale to long • Interbasin differences • Summarize workshop for white paper – what is the question? Local or glo • Reference WETS workshop • stratosphere • Impact on tropics

2. Questions fro boundary layer session How effective is sea level pressure adjustment at high winds and/or cross-front flow (look at CLIMODE data?)? Does vertical mixing explain the response in these circumstances? Ascent above the boundary layer – what governs this? Is the Laplacian of SST an unambiguous measure of the importance of pressure forcing? Can global climate models reproduce the in-situ measurements over the GS and KE? Are there other coupling coefficient metrics that may be useful (SLP/SST, LHFLX/SST, SEN/SST), etc.? Is there a significant tropospheric response to SST in regions other than the GS? Do models with stronger coupling coefficients produce stronger tropospheric response?

3. Questions What kind of Models ? Atmosphere-only   - GCM vs QGvs idealized models    Atmosphere-mixed layer   Fully coupled    Resolution Horizontal and vertical.    Missing physics e.g. slantwise convection above fronts non-hydrostatic models? What observations ? Are new reanalyses better than old? Coupled better than atmos-only?     Field experiments - do we have enough data from e.g. CLIMODE, KESS, HOT-SPOTS, Brazil-Malvinas ? How to best utilize recent in situ observations   Satellite data - do we have sufficient data? Surface heat fluxes, pressure ? Post -QuikSCAT?     Regular in-situ data - radiosondes, ARGO floats etc. What analysis ? Separating forcing/feedbacks and Tropical/midlatitude. How to identify suitable record length from observations and model runs.      Focus on mean climate or variability including extremes?      What metrics?      Algorithms - EOF, SVD, point correlation, lag correlation, LIM, etc etc. What timescales? Understanding the mechanisms ? Boundary layer dynamics, thermodynamics. What drives the deeper response in the atmosphere and beyond Remote teleconnections? Is there a feedback to ocean mesoscale features and larger circulations? Interaction of different spatial scales: ocean-atmosphere