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Agricultural Changes in the South

Agricultural Changes in the South. The Growth of Cotton. Southern Agriculture began to decline after the American Revolution. Prices for Cash Crops fell. RICE, INDIGO, TOBACCO. $. $. PRICES. The Growth of Cotton. Farmers began to rely on cotton to make money! Need for Clothes

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Agricultural Changes in the South

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  1. Agricultural Changes in the South

  2. The Growth of Cotton • Southern Agriculture began to decline after the American Revolution. • Prices for Cash Crops fell. • RICE, INDIGO, TOBACCO $ $ PRICES

  3. The Growth of Cotton • Farmers began to rely on cotton to make money! • Need for Clothes • PROBLEM: • Cotton seeds were hard to remove by hand and it was a SLOW process.

  4. The Growth of Cotton • Cotton Gin: Machine for removing seeds from cotton – revolutionized the industry. LEARN MORE ABOUT THE COTTON GIN (Click Here)

  5. The Cotton Boom • By 1860, southern states east of the Mississippi River produced 2/3 of all U.S. cotton • Cotton Belt: Land stretching from SC to Texas. • Slave labor demand is going up!!!!

  6. The Southern Economy • Increased trade in cotton led to growth of port cities • Savannah, GA • New Orleans, LA • Charleston, SC • Transportation Revolution didn’t have a wide enough impact on the South • How could they travel? • Using What? • Other crops in demand: • Corn, Rice, wheat, tobacco, sugarcane. “COTTON IS KING”

  7. The Southern Economy • Southern Factories: • Served the needs of farmers • Lumber industry / Rope Industry • Most were built to process crops. $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Southerners poured money into the development of the plantation system, not southern industry $ $

  8. Southern Society - Population • Planters • Wealthiest members of society • Only 1/3 of population by mid-1800’s • Yeoman (owned small farms) • “Middle-Class” • Majority of population • Poor-Whites • Didn’t own land • 10% of population

  9. Southern Society - Population • Free African Americans • 2% of population • Some became financially successful, but faced constant discrimination.

  10. Southern Society - Culture • Religion was central to social life. • Some southerners used religion to justify slavery – saying God created some people to rule over others. • Urban South • Similar to cities in the North – Industrialized. • Slaves did much of the work in cities • Maids, worked in mills, shipyards, ect.

  11. Review Questions • 1.) By 1860, cotton had become the most profitable crop in the South. What affect did this have on slaves in the south? • 2.) How did the cotton gin affect Southern agriculture? • 3.) How was society in the South set-up?

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