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Objective 2.05

Objective 2.05. Identify the major reform movements and evaluate their effectiveness. Women’s Rights.

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Objective 2.05

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  1. Objective 2.05 Identify the major reform movements and evaluate their effectiveness.

  2. Women’s Rights • Elizabeth Cady Stanton: American social activist and leading figure of early women's movement . Declaration of Sentiments, presented at 1st women's rights convention in 1848 in Seneca Falls, N.Y., is often credited with initiating the first organized women's rights and suffrage movements in the U.S. • Lucretia Mott: American Quaker minister and proponent of women's rights. She is credited as the first American "feminist" in the early 1800s.

  3. Women’s Rights • Sojourner Truth: American women's rights activist who was born into slavery in N.Y. Best-known speech, which became known as Ain't I a Woman?, was delivered in 1851 at Ohio Women's Rights Convention in Akron, Oh. • Susan B. Anthony: prominent, independent, well-educated American civil rights leader who played a pivotal role in 1800s’ women's rights movement to secure women's suffrage in the U.S.

  4. Women’s Rights • Seneca Falls Convention: held in Seneca Falls, N.Y. on July 19 and July 20, 1848, was 1st women's rights convention held in the U.S., and is often called the birthplace of feminism. Prominent at the 1848 convention were Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott.

  5. Development of Utopian Communities • Brook Farm: transcendentalist Utopian community from 1841-1847. Believed in self-reliance through agriculture. Hawthorne was a founding member and Thoreau a frequent visitor. • Oneida: utopian commune founded by John Humphrey Noyes in 1848 in Oneida, N.Y. The community believed that Jesus Christ had returned in the year 70, making it possible for them to bring about Christ‘s millenial kingdom themselves, and be free of sin and perfect in this world, not just Heaven (a belief called Perfectionism). The Oneida Community dissolved in 1881, and eventually became the silverware giant Oneida Limited.

  6. Development of Utopian Communities • New Harmony: formed by a German religious group know as the Rappites, who then sold it to Robert Owen a utopian thinker. Lasted from 1825-1829. Ended b/c of constant quarrels. Beliefs inc. banning $ and voiding all private property rights.

  7. Improvement of Social Institutions • Dorothea Dix: American activist on behalf of the indigent insane. Created 1st generation of American mental asylums. Dorothea Dix hospital in Raleigh. • Horace Mann: leader of public school reform. As 1st Secretary of the Mass. BOE, he doubled $ spent on schools, org. teacher-training, and reformed curriculums.

  8. Improvement of Social Conditions • Rehabilitation: people are not natively criminal and it is possible to restore a criminal to a useful life. • Prison Reform: the attempt to improve conditions inside prisons, aiming at a more effective penal system.

  9. Temperance Movement • attempted to greatly reduce the amount of alcohol consumed or even prohibit its production and consumption entirely. • Many of the temperance advocates are from the church or are women, inc. Elizabeth Cady Stanton.

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