Pesticides: Choose Your Poison

1. Pesticides: Choose Your Poison • What are pesticides?

2. What are pesticides? • Pesticides are by definition poisons • Designed to kill undesirable plants, insects, plant ___________________________ , or other undesirable pests • If used ___________________, pesticides can injure or kill desirable organisms

3. Pesticides • Types of pesticides • ___________________: kill insects • Sevin, Rotenone • Fungicides: kill fungi • Bravo • Herbicides: kill _________________ • Roundup • Limit use of pesticides to those crops that would otherwise be seriously damaged by insects and diseases

4. Pesticide label

5. Information on pesticide label • Key warning words • Caution –related to the acute toxicity of the pesticide • “Restricted Use Pesticide” – use only by certified applicators • Type of pesticide • Active ingredient – material that kills the pest • Inert ingredients • What are these? • Do not have to be disclosed

6. The Label is the Guide to Properly Handling of Pesticides • Carefully follow directions on the pesticide label • Wear protective clothing • Store pesticides in a _________________ area that children cannot access

7. The Label is the Guide to Properly Handling of Pesticides • Dispose of pesticides and empty containers properly • Re-_____________ time: the amount of time to wait after applying a pesticide before you can enter your garden

8. Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity • The effect of a pesticide on you is dependent on the toxicity of the pesticide and your exposure • ________________: a combination of toxicity and exposure • Toxicity • Introduction • __________________ capacity of a material to produce death or injury

9. Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity • Introduction to toxicity (continued) • All materials are toxic at some ___________________________ • If handled properly, pesticides will not cause injury • Two types of toxicity • _______________ toxicity • _______________ toxicity

10. Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity • Acute toxicity • Injury that occurs soon after exposure to a pesticide • Pesticide “___________________” on the skin would be an example of acute toxicity • LD50: dose required to kill ___________% of laboratory test animals

11. Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity • Warning Indicators on Label • Highly toxic pesticides • Contain a drawing of a _______________ and crossbones • Danger: Poison • _________________________ toxic pesticides • Warning • Slightly toxic pesticides • Caution

12. Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity • Chronic toxicity • Injury that occurs after _________________-term exposure to a pesticide • _________________ developing many years after exposure to a pesticide is an example of chronic toxicity • Other types of chronic toxicity • Birth defects • ___________________________ system effects • Nervous system effects

13. Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity • Exposure • Your ____________________ with a pesticide. Depends on: • Length of time • How exposed to pesticide • The most exposure to a pesticide will occur when handling or mixing a ________________________________ pesticide

14. Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity • Methods of exposure • __________________ • Pesticide is ingested through a person’s mouth • Dermal • Exposure through a person’s skin • Inhalation • Exposure is through breathing in a pesticide through the ___________________

15. Organic vs. Synthetic Pesticides • Organic Pesticides • Definition: a pesticide made from a natural product that has undergone only a little ________________________ • Just because the pesticide is derived from a “natural” source does not mean that it is not ____________________

16. Organic Pesticides • Advantages • ______________ persistence • Are less harmful to beneficial insects • Do not need ______________ for their production • Disadvantages • Some are very toxic • They can be ____________________ • Their effectiveness can vary • They lack persistence

17. Synthetic Pesticides • Definition: a pesticide synthesized from _____________________ derived materials • Advantages • Relatively inexpensive • Are ___________________ • Will persist • Disadvantages • May be harmful to beneficial organisms • Potential for pesticide _____________________