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Diabetes Mellitus Lora Stowitzky

Diabetes Mellitus Lora Stowitzky. Statistics. Affects 23.6 million people in the U.S. - Diagnosed: 17.9 million people - Undiagnosed: 5.7 million people 7th leading cause of death in the U.S (2006). What is Diabetes?.

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Diabetes Mellitus Lora Stowitzky

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  1. Diabetes MellitusLora Stowitzky

  2. Statistics • Affects 23.6 million people in the U.S. - Diagnosed: 17.9 million people - Undiagnosed: 5.7 million people • 7th leading cause of death in the U.S (2006)

  3. What is Diabetes? • A chronic disease in which the body can not properly use or make insulin. • Insulin- a hormone made in the pancrease that turns sugar (glucose) into energy for the body to use

  4. What happens without insulin? Lack of insulin  Build up of glucose in the blood (hyperglycemia)  Symptoms of Diabetes Mellitus

  5. Symptoms • Frequent urination • Excessive thirst • Extreme hunger - Cells are starved for energy • Unexplained weight loss - Insulin can not trigger the storage of fat • Fatigue • Delayed wound healing

  6. Type I Diabetes Mellitus • Juvenile diabetes • Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus • Autoimmune disorder • The body destroys the cells that make the insulin • Thus, the body can no longer produce insulin

  7. Type I Diabetes Mellitus • Usually diagnosed in children & young adults ( <30 years old) • 5-10% of diabetics

  8. Type I Diabetes Mellitus • RISK factors: - Genetics - Autoimmune history • Type I is not preventable

  9. Type I Treatment • Glucose monitoring often • Insulin injections • Exercise • Diet • Follow up with doctor • Educate yourself!

  10. Type II Diabetes Mellitus • Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus • Body makes insulin but most cells do not use insulin properly • Insulin resistance • Slowly, the pancreas stops making insulin.

  11. Type II Diabetes Mellitus • 90-95 % of diabetics • RISK factors - Older age - Family history - Obesity - Physical Inactivity - Race and Ethnicity

  12. Type II Risk Factors • Obesity & Inactivity - Studies find a relationship between weight/activity level and Type II - Seeing an increase in Type II diabetes in children

  13. Type II Diabetes Mellitus • Race & Ethnicity - African Americans - Hispanic/Latino Americans - American Indians - Asian Americans - Pacific Islanders

  14. Type II Prevention • If you have risk factors, prevent or delay the onset of Type II by… - Healthy diet - Moderately intense exercise (walking 2 1/2 hours each week)

  15. Type II Treatment • Goal: Control blood sugar (glucose) - Glucose monitoring often - Oral medicine / Insulin injections - Diet - Exercise / Weight management - Follow up with doctor - Educate yourself!

  16. Diet - Carb Counting • Carbohydrates raise blood glucose levels • Count your carbs for each meal • Limit depends on your activity level and medications • Talk to your doctor about determining carbs per meal

  17. Diet - Create your plate • Divide plate into 3 sections - Large section - non-starch veggies (spinach, cabbage, mushrooms) - Small section - starch (potatoes, whole grain breads) - Small section - meat (turkey, tuna, lean pork)

  18. Diet - Individualized • No one diet is appropriate for every diabetic person • Work with your doctor to come up with a diet that is right for your situation

  19. Complications of Diabetes • Heart disease • Blindness • Kidney damage • Diabetic neuropathy / nerve damage • Prevent complications by managing your glucose level, diet, and activity!

  20. Diabetes Awareness • November is American Diabetes Month • November 14 is World Diabetes Day For more information: www.cdc.gov www.diabetes.org www.ndep.nih.gov

  21. Websites • http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/consumer/index.htm • http://www.emedicinehealth.com/diabetes/article_em.htm#Diabetes%20Overview • http://www.diabetes.org/

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