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Lecture 1

CS147. Lecture 1. Prof. Sin-Min Lee Department of Computer Science San Jose State University. Tuesday Thursday 10:15 – 11:30. Your evaluation in this course is determined by:. 30% 15%. Class Presentation 10% Presentation report 5%. Final Exam 30%.

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Lecture 1

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  1. CS147 Lecture 1 Prof. Sin-Min Lee Department of Computer Science San Jose State University

  2. Tuesday Thursday 10:15 – 11:30

  3. Your evaluation in this course is determined by: 30% 15% Class Presentation 10% Presentation report 5% Final Exam 30%

  4. Midterm 1: ??? Midterm 2: ??? Midterm 3: ???

  5. Rare Every Thursday

  6. Textbook • M. Murdocca and V. Heuring, Computer Architecture and Organization, an integrated approach,Wiley, 2007.

  7. Reference Book Computer Systems Architecture: A Networking Approach Author: Rob WilliamsFormat: PaperbackPublication Date: November 2006Publisher: Prentice Hall

  8. Good REFERENCEs 1. M. Murdocca and V. Heuring, Computer Architecture and Organization, an integrated approach,Wiley, 2007. 2. Linda Null and Julia Lobur, The Essentials Of Computer Organization and Architecture, 2nd edition, Jones and Bartlett Publishers ,2006. ISBN -10-7637-3769-0

  9.   The text covers such topics as digital logic, data representation, machine-level language, general organization, assembly language programming, CPU organization, memory organization, and input/output devices, as well as a new chapter on Embedded Systems. 

  10. ENIAC - background • Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer • Eckert and Mauchly • University of Pennsylvania • Trajectory tables for weapons • Started 1943 • Finished 1946 • Too late for war effort • Used until 1955

  11. ENIAC - details • Decimal (not binary) • 20 accumulators of 10 digits • Programmed manually by switches • 18,000 vacuum tubes • 30 tons • 15,000 square feet • 140 kW power consumption • 5,000 additions per second

  12. What’s Computer Architecture? The attributes of a [computing] system as seen by the programmer, i.e., the conceptual structure and functional behavior, as distinct from the organization of the data flows and controls the logic design, and the physical implementation. Amdahl, Blaaw, and Brooks, 1964 SOFTWARE

  13. von Neumann/Turing • Stored Program concept • Main memory storing programs and data • ALU operating on binary data • Control unit interpreting instructions from memory and executing • Input and output equipment operated by control unit • Princeton Institute for Advanced Studies • IAS • Completed 1952

  14. Von Neumann Model • 1940’s a new model for building computers. • Today we can still see the effect. • Radically different from what went before. • The memory of the computer was to store both the data to be worked on and the program doing the work. • The stored program computer concept.

  15. Von Neumann Architecture CONTROL INPUT MEMORY OUTPUT Data A.L.U Control Address INPUT > PROCESS >OUTPUT

  16. What’s Computer Architecture? • 1950s to 1960s: Computer Architecture Course Computer Arithmetic. • 1970s to mid 1980s: Computer Architecture Course Instruction Set Design, especially ISA appropriate for compilers. (What we’ll do in Chapter 2) • 1990s to 2000s: Computer Architecture CourseDesign of CPU, memory system, I/O system, Multiprocessors. (All evolving at a tremendous rate!)

  17. Structure of von Neumann machine

  18. IAS - details • 1000 x 40 bit words • Binary number • 2 x 20 bit instructions • Set of registers (storage in CPU) • Memory Buffer Register • Memory Address Register • Instruction Register • Instruction Buffer Register • Program Counter • Accumulator • Multiplier Quotient

  19. Commercial Computers • 1947 - Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation • UNIVAC I (Universal Automatic Computer) • US Bureau of Census 1950 calculations • Became part of Sperry-Rand Corporation • Late 1950s - UNIVAC II • Faster • More memory

  20. Gordon Moore (co-founder of Intel) predicted in 1965 that the transistor density of semiconductor chips would double roughly every 18 months. Moore's Law, formulated by Gordon Moore in 1965, three years before he helped found chip maker Intel Corp..

  21. } Human readable symbols On 1 Off 0 } Electronic pulse present Electronic pulse absent Inside the computer’s memory (RAM) } Permanently stored on disks Positive magnetic field Negative magnetic field } Permanently stored on CD-ROM Pitted Not Pitted Off } Fiber Optic Cable Light Pulse No Light Pulse Binary Digits (Bits) Only 2 states possible On

  22. Chapter 1. Number Base

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