Document Based Questions Exercise

1. Document Based Questions Exercise • Directions: Read these paragraphs from page 754 in your textbook then evaluate the documents provided. • Answer the questions that follow. • The Great Famine In the 1840s, Ireland experienced one of the worst famines of modern history. For many years, Irish peasants had depended on potatoes as virtually their sole source of food. From 1845 to 1848, a plant fungus ruined nearly all of Ireland’s potato crop. Out of a population of 8 million, about a million people died from starvation and disease over the next few years. • During the famine years, about a million and a half people fled from Ireland. Most went to the United States; others went to Britain, Canada, and Australia. At home, in Ireland, the British government enforced demands of the English landowners that the Irish peasants pay their rent. Many Irish lost their land and fell hopelessly in debt, while large landowners profited from higher food prices.

2. Analyzing Historical Sources (Document 3) • Type of Source: primary secondary artifact • We entered a cabin. Stretched in one dark corner, scarcely visible, from the smoke and rags that covered them, were three children huddled together, lying there because they were too weak to rise, pale and ghastly, their little limbs---on removing a portion of their filthy covering----perfectly emaciated, eyes sunk, voice gone, and evidently in the last actual stage of starvation. • William Bennett, Narrative of a Recent Journey • of Six Weeks in Ireland

3. Analyzing Historical Sources (Document 3) • Type of Source: primary secondary artifact • Evaluate the pie graph below (754). Identify what type of source it represents and use it to help answer the questions that follow.

4. Analyzing Historical Sources (Document 3) • Document Based Questions: • 1. Main Ideas • What was the effect of the destruction of Ireland’s potato crop on the population of Ireland? • 2. Clarifying • How did 18 percent of the population deal with the famine? • 3. Comparing • Which country received the most Irish emigrants? • 4. Identify • What push factors and pull factors drew Irish emigrants to the United States. • 5. Analysis and Synthesis • Give written and visual examples of how white, Anglo-Saxon Protestants (WASPS) treated Irish immigrants in the United States, what jobs were open to them, and forms of racism/segregation faced in American cities.

5. Unit 9 L 3 NotesReforming Society (1865-1920) Alice Paul’s Silent Sentinels Child Labor in Factories

7. Learning Objectives: Trace the creation of US reform movements Analyze post Civil War attempts to reform. Five Reform Movements: • Abolition • Women’s Rights • Temperance • Education • Prison and Asylum • Effects: • Civil War ends slavery issue with ratification of 13th amendment. • Civil rights and voting rights extended to freedman with 14th and 15th amendments. • Prohibition enacted by 18th amendment. • Women’s right to suffrage enacted by 19th amendment.

8. Reform Movements: The Second Great Awakening • Five reform movements sprang out of this religious revival in the early 1800s. Abolition Women’s Rights Temperance Education Prison/Asylum Women Were The Movers and Shakers: Beginning in 1848, women openly advocated for the abolition of slavery and for women’s suffrage. The focus was on gaining salvation to heaven and moral leadership through church organizations first then each of the five reform movements.

9. Abolition Movement of 19th Century

10. Reconstruction Amendments

11. Suffrage: The Chartists • This movement in Great Britain worked to expand the percentage of men eligible to vote. • Most of the working class, urban poor, and women could not vote. • The People’s Charter 1838 • Most British men could vote by 1884.

12. U.S. Women’s Suffrage Movement 1848-1920 Seneca Falls Convention Declaration of Sentiments Split from the Abolition movement after not being included in the 14th and 15th amendments Movement split over strategy chosen by NAWSA and Susan B. Anthony Susan B. Anthony National American Women’s Suffrage Association

13. Liberal Women’s Suffrage Group Strategies: Seneca Falls Convention (1848) Declaration of Sentiments • Identify the enlightened ideas in this excerpt 2. Who represented King George III for women? • What became the ultimate goal of the movement? • What amendment was added to the US Constitution giving suffrage to women?

14. Radical Suffragists in United States: Alice Paul and the Women’s Party • Alice Paul of the US organized this group of female picketers. • They were arrested on trumped up charges, put in maximum security prisons, and eventually force fed during a hunger strike. • They were known as the Silent Sentinels in US marched every day and night from January 19, 1917 until both houses of Congress passed the Nineteenth Amendment (June 10,1919) to the states for ratification.

15. Radical Women’s Suffrage Group Strategies: Women’s Political and Social Union (WPSU) Emmeline Pankhurst of Great Britain Three Part Strategy: • Protest marches and picketing. • Peaceful nonviolent protest. • Hunger strikes. Goals: Constant media attention. Constitutional issues under the “rule of law”

17. Since the 1800s people have debated whether industrialization was a blessing or a curse. Conditions in factories and mines were harsh. Pay was low. Workers lived in unsanitary, crowded slums. Workers later gained the vote. Wages rose in time. As the cost of products fell, standards of living rose.

18. The Industrial Revolution Revolutions in: Agriculture Industry Urbanization Technology Changes Laissez-faire Utopian Socialism Radical Socialism Abolition Suffrage Women’s Rights Child Labor