Close reading – what exactly is it??

1. Close reading – what exactly is it?? • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=adXdTXEzmzE

2. Your task… • 1. Read the excerpt from the passage “The Man I Killed” (part of Tim O’Brien’s book The Things They Carried). Do not write anything or make any marks at all on the paper. • 2. After you have read it, write a two-three sentence summary of what you have read on the back of your paper.

3. Task continued… • 3. Now you will read it again, looking for repetition. Repetition could be repeated words, but it also might be repeated images, and repeated sentence structures. • 4. Circle everything you see being repeated.   Then, draw lines linking all the words and phrases being repeated.

4. Almost done! • 5. Think about what the words mean and why they are repeated.  Also, think about how the meaning shifts from one use to the next. Write a two-three sentence summary on the back of the paper that identifies something you have discovered about this passage by examining the repetition.

6. But first…. SUMMER READING PROJECT: GRADE 10 The purpose of this project is to provide 10th grade students an opportunity to exercise critical reading skills and analytical thinking strategies. Each student will research a noted speech from American history and the context under which it was delivered. Suggested websites for speeches include but are not limited to www.americanrhetoric.com or http://www.historyplace.com/speeches. The time frame for this project is noted below. Time Frame: 1. Students will select, print, and read an American historical speech over the summer. 2. Students will hand in a two-paragraph summary of the speech within the first full week of school – Friday, September 13th.

7. Thinking notes (also called “metacognitive markers” – sounds fancy, but it isn’t!) ! I love this part (great writing or great idea) ? Raises a question – possible discussion point in class ?? Something is unclear or confusing – I need to ask about this in class https://www.teachingchannel.org/videos/student-annotated-reading-strategy

8. Your task… • 1. Read the excerpt from the short story “The Sniper” by Liam O’Flaherty. Use your metacognitive markers as you read. • 2. After you have read it, write a two-three sentence summary of what you have read on the back of your paper.

9. ! I love this part (great writing or great idea) ? Raises a question – possible discussion point in class ?? Something is unclear or confusing – I need to ask about this in class

10. Task continued… • 3. Now you will read it again, looking for repetition. Repetition could be repeated words, but it also might be repeated images, and repeated sentence structures. • 4. Circle everything you see being repeated.   Then, draw lines linking all the words and phrases being repeated.

11. Almost done! • 5. Think about what the words mean and why they are repeated.  Also, think about how the meaning shifts from one use to the next. Write a two-three sentence summary on the back of the paper that identifies something you have discovered about this passage by examining the repetition.

12. First HW of the year!! Read the entire short story “The Sniper”. You may choose to use your close reading skills for extra-credit. Quiz tomorrow!!

13. 1.The surprise twist used by O’Flaherty occurs when the sniper a. fires at the old woman  b. tricks the other sniper  c. recognizes the man he has killed d. pours iodine on his wound 2.The theme of this short story could best be described as a.“War is difficult”  b.“War turns brother against brother” c.“Only the smart survive” d.“Never turn your back on an enemy”

14. The Republican sniper wishes to identify the enemy sniper because a. he wonders if he knows him  b. his commander needs the information c. he likes to take risks d. a voice in his head urges him to take a look Which of the following events happened first? a.The old woman pointed to where the sniper was hiding  b. The sniper decided to smoke a cigarette c. The sniper is wounded by his enemy.

15. The tone the author uses concerning war is a. is necessary to encourage growth  b. is evil c. is a painful experience for everyone d.  brings economic benefits to countries

16. How does this sculpture from the National Liberty Museum in Philadelphia relate to “The Sniper”?

17. General Information 1919, the Irish Republican Army fought for its Independence to liberate Ireland from the British. London agreed in the 1921 Anglo-Irish Treaty to create an Irish Free State. However, the agreement still allowed for British influence in Ireland. The agreement would lead to civil strife within Ireland. General Information

18. General Information Once-united Irish fighters were now split into two factions: disgruntled IRA (Irish Republican Army) members supporters of the Free State The short story “The Sniper” focuses on a scene of fighting in Dublin in which an IRA sniper shoots at Free Staters from a rooftop. General Information

19. Author Liam O’Flaherty Born on August 28, 1898 on the western coast of Ireland. In 1915, he enlisted in the British Army during the First World War Suffered a serious injury two years later in a bomb explosion at Langemarck, Belgium. Author

20. Author The army discharged him but he later returned to Ireland joined the Irish Republican Army in its campaign to liberate Ireland from British rule. “The Sniper” focuses on this conflict. O'Flaherty's novels focus on the effects of war, revolution, and social upheaval. Author

21. Literary Focus Narrative Point of View Irony and Climax  Limited third-person point of view The author gives the thoughts of the IRA sniper but does not present the thoughts of any other character.   The story’s irony and climax occur at the conclusion of the story. The ending fittingly puts in perspective the destructive nature of civil war. Literary Focus

22. Literary Focus Themes Inhumanity of War Cruelty of War Humans as Pawns which may explain why none of the characters have names The Boundaries of War Literary Focus

23. Close reading of poetry • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qDhC6C7fxvs

24. 1. Take out copy of the song lyrics from yesterday • 2. Read the poem carefully – use metacognitive markers, circle repetition and make connections, then answer the four questions on the reverse of your paper.

25. 1. Impulsive reaction • 2. Identify speaker’s characteristics • 3. Identify words that stand out • 4. Identify anything that is strange or confusing

27. “I am not one of those who left the land” – page 328

28. 1. Impulsive reaction • 2. Identify speaker’s characteristics • 3. Identify words that stand out • 4. Identify anything that is strange or confusing

29. Anna Akhmatova (1889-1966) Survived two world wars, the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the “reign of terror” of dictator Joseph Stalin. Her work was condemned and censored by Stalinist authorities and she is notable for choosing not to emigrate, and remaining in Russia, acting as witness to the atrocities around her. For long periods she was in official disfavour and many of those who were close to her died in the aftermath of the revolution. Akhmatova's first husband, Nikolai Gumilev was executed by the Soviet secret police, and her son Lev Gumilev and her third husband Nikolav Punin spent many years in the Gulag, where Punin died. Using context clues, define the five words highlighted in red.

30. Speculation • Based on the brief biography provided, speculate about Anna Akhmatova’s poetry. • Content? Mood? Tone?

31. A little more about Anna Akhmatova • Akhmatova narrowly escaped arrest, though her son Lev was imprisoned on numerous occasions by the Stalinist regime, accused of counter-revolutionary activity. She would often queue for hours to deliver him food packages and plead on his behalf. She describes standing outside a stone prison: • "One day somebody in the crowd identified me. Standing behind me was a woman, with lips blue from cold, who had, of course, never heard me called by name before. Now she started out of the torpor common to us all and asked me in a whisper (everyone whispered there):" 'Can you describe this?’ "And I said: 'I can.'"Then something like a smile passed fleetingly over what had once been her face.” • Using context clues, define the two words highlighted in red.