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Review:. The way they move. Energy. What’s the difference between a transverse and longitudinal wave? What do waves transfer? What are the high and low points of a transverse wave called? What are the parts of a longitudinal wave where the particles are spread out and close together?.

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Review:

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  1. Review: The way they move Energy What’s the difference between a transverse and longitudinal wave? What do waves transfer? What are the high and low points of a transverse wave called? What are the parts of a longitudinal wave where the particles are spread out and close together? Crest and Trough Compression and Rarefaction

  2. First thing’s first… • Which of these show ONE full wave? One wave has one crest and one trough

  3. Wavelength Distance • What is length a measure of? • So what do you think a wave length is? • The distance between two waves WAVELENGTH WAVELENGTH

  4. Which has a shorter wavelength?

  5. Measuring Wavelength • Does this tell us the distance between the two waves? • Why not? You have to measure the distance between two comparable points! (crest to crest, trough to trough, etc.)

  6. Amplitude • The distance between the crest or trough and the wave’s resting position. • Where’s the crest? Trough? Crest Amplitude Resting Position Amplitude Trough

  7. Which has a larger amplitude?

  8. What does amplitude tell us about a wave? • Which of these waves would cause more damage if it hit the shore? • Which has the larger amplitude? • Which wave has more energy? THAT’S AMPLITUDE!

  9. We’ve been looking at transverse waves…What about longitudinal? • We can relate all of the parts of a transverse wave to a longitudinal one!

  10. We’ll start with wavelength… The distance from crest to crest or trough to trough • In a transverse wave: • But there aren’t any crests or troughs in a longitudinal wave! WAVELENGTH WAVELENGTH

  11. So we look at the compressions and rarefactions! • Compressions = Crests • Rarefactions = Troughs • Now we can find the wavelength • Compression to compression • Rarefaction to rarefaction

  12. On to amplitude… The distance from crest or trough to the wave's resting point • In a transverse wave: • We now know that compressions are rarefactions are like the crests and troughs, but it’s hard to find a longitudinal wave’s resting point.

  13. Amplitude • For the amplitude of a longitudinal wave, we look at how compressed or how rarefied the spring or particles are. • The more compressed or rarefied it is, the higher the amplitude and vice versa.

  14. Frequency • If your friend comes over to your house “frequently”, how often do they come over? • Can you take a guess as to what the “frequency” of a wave is? • The frequency of a wave tells us the number of waves that are produced in a certain amount of time.

  15. We need to know how many waves are being produced in 10 seconds. • How can you find the frequency of this wave? • Step 1: pick a point on the wave. • Step 2: count the waves that pass that point in 10 seconds.

  16. Which has a higher frequency?

  17. What is the unit for frequency? • Frequency is measured in Hertz (Hz). • If one full wave passes a point every second, it has a frequency of 1 Hz. • 1 wave per second (1 wave/1 sec.) • What is the frequency if three waves pass a point every second? • 3 Hz. (3 waves/1 second) • What is the frequency if six waves pass a point every three seconds? • 2 Hz. (6 waves/3 seconds)

  18. Wave Speed • There are two ways to calculate wave speed. • Option 1: time how long a wave takes to get from point A to point B. A B

  19. Wave speed = wavelength x frequency • Option 2: Use the following formula Wave Speed = 8 meters/second Wavelength – 2 meters Frequency – 4 Hz. (4 waves pass every second)

  20. Wave speed is affected by several factors • The type of wave • Example: electromagnetic waves always travel at the same speed in a vacuum (300,000 km/s – the speed of light) • The medium the wave is moving through • If you start two waves in a pan, one with water and one with corn syrup, which will reach the other side of the pan first? • Another example is popping your knuckles underwater as opposed to above water.

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