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Avian Response to Changing Seasons. Common Poorwill. Avian Response to Changing Seasons. Grace’s Warber. American Robin. White-Breasted Nuthatch. Avian Response to Changing Food Supply. Avian Response to Drought, Flooding. “Extreme Migration”. “Neotropical Migrants”. Grosbeaks.
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Avian Response to Changing Seasons Common Poorwill
Avian Response to Changing Seasons Grace’s Warber American Robin White-Breasted Nuthatch
“Neotropical Migrants” Grosbeaks Hummingbirds Hawks Flycatchers Tanagers Wood Warblers Orioles Vireos Vultures
“Neotropical Migrants” Blackpoll Warbler
“Short-Distance Migrant” Brewer’s Sparrow
MIGRATION STRATEGIES Fig. 5-53 in Podulka et al. 2004
1) Obligate Annual Migrants (e.g., Neotropical Migrant) Bird Migration Strategy: 4 5
Bird Migration Strategies 3 & 4: Facultative and Obligatory Partial Migrants 36 Facultative Obligatory 35
Bird Migration Strategy 5: Irruptive Migration 1993 1994 1995 1996
Origins of Migration? (Climatic Change) 20 “Returning Home”
Origins of Migration? (Lack of Needed Resources) 29 28
Origins of Migration? (Seasonal Intraspecific Dominance Interactions) 26 Blackcap 27
Origins of Migration? (Seasonal Interspecific Dominance Interactions)
Origins of Migration? (Tracking of Fruit or Nectar)
Migration and Natural Selection Situation One Situation Two Resident Migrant
Migratory Flexibility Original, Sedentary Populations Introduction in 1950s
Variation in Migratory Strategy in Blackcap Populations Fig. 5-55 in Podulka et al. 2004
Determining Migratory Direction via Migratory Restlessness Fig. 5-57 in Podulka et al. 2004
Results of Hybridization Experiments I Fig. 5-56 in Podulka et al. 2004
Results of Hybridization Experiments II Fig. 5-58 in Podulka et al.
1 http://www.nature.org/wherewework/northamerica/lewisandclark/images/ ponderosa_pine_oregon_charlie_ott.jpg 2 http://www.wfo-cbrc.org/cbrc/photos/grace's-pt-loma-110505-a-2.jpg 3 http://www.nps.gov/band/naturescience/images/ponderosa_forest.jpg 4 http://www.borealbirds.org/web_mig_map/images/blackpoll_warbler/ map-mid.jpg 5 http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/ Steller's_Jay as_Seen_from_the_Back.jpg/800px-Steller's_Jay_as_ Seen_from_the_Back.jpg 6 http://www.christinevadai.com/STJA4.jpg 7 http://www.truthorconsequencesnm.net/us_forest/mogollon-mts-o.jpg 8 http://thebirdguide.com/digiscoping/photos/IMG_8158_northern_shoveler.jpg 9 http://www.schmoker.org/BirdPics/Photos/Waterfowl/NSHO6.jpg
10 http://map.telesis.org/new.gif 11 http://dwrcdc.nr.utah.gov/rsgis2/images/Photos/loxicurv.jpg 12 http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/images/usa/new-mexico.jpg 13 http://imagecache2.allposters.com/images/pic/PTGPOD/349625~Great-Gray- Owl-Rowley-MA-Posters.jpg 14 http://photo.net/bboard-uploads/00BMo5-22167884.jpg 15 http://www.winterweather.state.mn.us/images/snow_5_big.jpg 16 http://www.winterweather.state.mn.us/images/snow_5_big.jpg 17 http://iz.carnegiemnh.org/crayfish/images/minnesota.jpg 18 http://iz.carnegiemnh.org/crayfish/images/minnesota.jpg 19 http://imagecache2.allposters.com/images/pic/PTGPOD/349625~Great-Gray-Owl- Rowley-MA-Posters.jpg 20 http://www.birdsource.org/gbbc/gallery/2007/wesjay_rogers-j_ca-lr.jpg/image _preview
21 http://rosyfinch.com/KilldeerAdultWithChick.jpg 22 http://www.birdsamore.com/_images/hummingbird-rufous_350.jpg 23 http://www.birdwatching-bliss.com/images/broad_tailed_hummingbird.jpg 24 http://www.alanmurphyphotography.com/Galleryimagesfromemail/B lack-Chinned-Hummingbird.jpg 25 http://www.tpwd.state.tx.us/huntwild/wild/species/mockbird/ 26 http://www.statesymbolsusa.org/IMAGES/Texas/mockingbird_detwiler_web.jpg 27 http://www.geneticarchaeology.com/Images/South_Hills_Crossbill.jpg 28 http://www.calliebowdish.com/Birds/PRedstartNov252006-29.jpg 29 http://www.strayreality.com/image1/toucaneat3.jpg 30 http://www.naturalist.co.uk/photos/crimsoncollared_tanager.jpg 31 http://www.saveamericasforests.org/Yasuni/Pics/Biodiversity/MaskedCrimson Tanager9.jpg 32 http://www.tropicalexpeditions.com/images/Silver-throated%20Tanager.jpg
33 http://www.localization-translation.com/images/maps/map-localization-south- america.jpg 34 http://www.naturalsciences.org/education/Ecuador/2007/images/008_ Blue-winged%20Mountain%20Tanager.jpg 35 http://www.naturephoto-cz.com/photos/sevcik/blackcap--sylvia-atricap illa-1.jpg 36 http://www.roysephotos.com/zzAmericanRobin8D.jpg 37 http://static.howstuffworks.com/gif/dna-2.jpg